Women and men in Uzbekistan: difference in education

WOMEN AND MEN IN UZBEKISTAN: DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATION 00 Geographical distribution of higher education institutions Women and men by levels of education 2010/2011 57,5 Republic of Karakalpakstan 42,5 61,5 Post-graduate Namangan Tashkent 38,5 Navoi Andijan Higher education Khorezm 55,2 Secondary education 44,8 Jizzah Fergana Sirdarya 50% of higher education Bukhara 51,5 institutions are Samarkand located in Tashkent 48,5 General education and Tashkent region Kashkadarya Surkhandarya Student distribution by specialization in %, 2010/2011 Professional colleges Higher education 60.4 Industry and construction 39.6 16.5 83.5 28.7 Transport and communication 71.3 89.6 10.4 Agriculture 17.7 39.6 60.4 82.3 46.9 53.1 Economics and law 19.3 80.7 76.3 23.7 Education 52.9 47.1 Healthcare, physical education, sports 43.8 75.6 24.4 56.2 Women Men 160 160,2 ll 158.4 140 132,8 120 102.3 100 80 78,2 82 60 40 20 Percentage of salary by sectors compared to national average (December 2010) Unequal distribution of women and men by sectors leads to differences in income. Women make majority of workers in lower paid sectors. 00 Number of students in higher education institutions Access to higher education institutions (2011) (by gender) 2010/2011 168,800. 105,700. The number of students per 10.000 population has decreased from 160 in 1991 to 98 in 2010 Only 9% of secondary school graduates enroll in higher education institutions in the next 5 years Main reasons of gender gaps Profession choice for girls is often made by parents Priority in receiving higher education is given to sons (especially for paid education) send girls Based on existing stereotypes girls strive to acquire profession in social sphere that would be useful in family life Unwillingness of parents to study far away from home Unequal geographical distribution of higher educational institutions on the territory of Uzbekistan Reproductive burden of women and earlier marriages compared to men Main recommendations Matching supply/demand of education sector and labor market The development of a system of distance education Re-profiling of colleges in regions with widening and unification of professions and specialisations Raising awareness of the value of professional education for women among population and training programmes on gender sensitivity for educational institution professionals Targeted enrollment, quotas and scholarships for women in acquiring traditionally "male" occupations Equal distribution of educational credits among girls and boys Widening access to higher education through liberalization and creation of enabling environment for private education institutions *Policy brief „Effective employment policies: ensuring employment opportunities for women" UNDP 2012, http://www.undp.uz/publications/publication.php?id%327 "Statistical bulletin „Women and men of Uzbekistan" (2012), State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics *The World Bank Group, 2012, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR UN DP Uzbekistan Finance Transport/communication Construction Knsnpui