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What’s Happening to Biodiversity?

What's Happening to Biodiversity? WE'RE LOSING IT Biodiversity-the variety of plants, animals, and ecosystems in the world-is a measure of our planet's health. Overexploitation, habitat destruction, and the introduction of invasive species are threatening Earth's biodiversity. It's time to turn the tide. ONCE A SPECIES IS EXTINCT, IT IS LOST FOREVER ENDANGERED ENDANGERED ENDANGERIPO ENDANGERED BLACK RHINO PRZEWALSKI'S HORSE HIBISCUS FRAGILIS TARZAN'S CHAMELEON The extinction rate today is 19,817 more than 100X the level it was before humans walked the earth. species are listed as endangered. Two species have gone extinct every day since 2010. 100% 80% THYLACINE Extinct 1936 60% Species numbers and population 40% - sizes have dropped by almost 30% in the past 100 years. 20% GOLDEN TOAD Extinct 1989 0% 1700 1800 1900 2000 THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY OVER-EXPLOITATION BLACK-MARKET DEMANDS 85% The global black market in wildlife smuggling and poaching, illegal fishing, and illegal logging is valued at $70.5 billion per year. That's more market value than software piracy ($59 billion). of ocean fisheries are categorized as fully exploited, over-exploited, or depleted. $70.5 B 50% $59 B of the Earth's wetlands were $20 B $40 B $60 B $80 B destroyed in the 20th century. INVASIVE SPECIES An estimated 600 rhinoceroses A Nile Perch Annually, invasive species will be poached in South Africa alone this year, up from 13 in 2007. Rhinoceros horns can sell such as these cost economies Zebra Mussels $1.4 trillion. c Water Hyacinth for $30,000 per kilogram. 50% 20% Fewer than 3,500 tigers are left in the wild. Tiger skins sell for up to $20,000. Invasive alien species were vertebrate extinctions where the cause was known, and factor in more than 50% of they were the sole cause of 20% of extinctions. WHY BIODIVERSITY MATTERS Biodiversity provides the raw materials for the food, medicines, and industries that support life. 22% 444**444 Humans consume 7,000 1.6 billion of the world's 7 billion people rely on forests plant species as food. for their livelihoods. 70% LOSING BIODIVERSITY COSTS JOBS 70% of the world's poor 1/2 of synthetic drugs have a natural origin, including 10 of the 25 highest-selling drugs in the U.S. The collapse of the Canadian cod fishery industry due to overfishing in the early 1990s cost tens of thousands of jobs and $2 billion in income support and retraining. live in rural areas and depend directly on biodiversity for their survival and well-being. SIGNS OF HOPE THE SIZE AND NUMBER OF PROTECTED AREAS AROUND THE WORLD ARE GROWING. There are currently 130,000 protected areas, including: THE PRIVATE SECTOR IS EMBRACING CERTIFICATION 13% of the world's land area. 2% of oceans. 8% The UN 2020 targets 17% of land. Over 8% of global forest under active for biodiversity call for the protection of: production is now certified as sustainably managed. 10% of coastal and marine areas. INVESTMENT IN BIODIVERSITY IS INCREASING. Official development aid for biodiversity more than doubled between 2005 and 2010, from: The World Bank has $4.9 billion invested in active projects that bolster biodiversity, protect vulnerable landscapes, and secure livelihoods in 65 countries. It provides more funds for biodiversity protection than any other international financial institution. $3.1 billion 2005 to $6.9 billion 2010 SOURCES: Pimm 1995 // IUCN 2011 // UNEP 2012 // UNODC 2012 // Pimentel et al. 2004 // Havocscope 2012 // UNEP 2012 // CBD 2012 // MEA 2005 // UNDP 2010 // OECD-DAC 2012 // UNODC 2011 // Business Software Alliance 2011 // IUCN // Kew Royal Botanical Gardens THE WORLD BANK Learn more at www.worldbank.org/biodiversity SPECIES DECLINE

What’s Happening to Biodiversity?

shared by worldbank on Sep 06
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Biodiversity—the variety of plants, animals and ecosystems in the world—is a measure of our planet’s health. Overexploitation of species, habitat destruction, and the introduction of invasive s...

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