A Visual Guide to Energy Use in Buildings in the Middle East

A Tale of Energy and Buildings Carboun's Visual Guide to Energy Use in Buildings of the Arab World 1 Energy use in buildings in the Arab World represents less than a quarter of total energy use, a small share compared to OECD countries where buildings represent 37%, and the world average where they represent 36% of total energy use. 18% Residential 22% Residential 27% Residential 9% Commercial and public 6% Commercial 15% Commercial 3% and public and public Buildings 4% 24% 24% Transportation 36% 37% 30% 35% OECD Industry 37% 36% 30% Agriculture + Fishing + Other However, buildings' overall share of total energy use is far from consistent across the region. In fact it varies 2 considerably between its countries, ranging from 43% in Tunisia and 41% in Lebanon to a mere 10% in Qatar. 100% - 80% - 60% - 40% 20% - 0% Tunisia Lebanon Algeria Jordan Kuwait Libya Oman Egypt Morocco Yemen KSA Iraq Syria Bahrain UAE Qatar The disparity in total energy use across the region also adds to the variety in buildings energy use. For example, buildings in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Algeria together account for more than half of the region's energy use in buildings. Yet, such variety cannot be attributed solely to population and economic sizes. ktoe Total energy used by economic sector in 2009 (thousand tons of oil equivalent) 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 Tunisia Lebanon Algeria Jordan Libya Egypt Morocco Yemen Bahrain Kuwait Oman KSA Iraq Syria UAE Qatar Instead, the region's energy use appears to fall into two groups: a Resource - Rich group and a Resource - Poor one. The first group is characterized with an increased share of industrial energy use due to its large 4 Total energy used by economic sector in 2009 (thousand tons of oil equivalent) ktoe Agriculture + Fishing + Other 100000 Industry oil and water desalination industries, while the second group is characterized with a larger share of food production and other economic activities due to the relatively 50000 Transportation Buildings diverse economies of its countries. Resource-Rich Resource-Poor Focusing on buildings, one can identify two primary differences in energy use between these two groups 13% Residential 24% Residential 7% Commercial 4% Commercial and public and public 20% 28% 1. Overall, buildings represnt a much larger share of energy use in Resource-Poor countries. 2. Commercial buildings have a bigger share of energy use in buildings in Resource-Rich countries, while the residential sector represent a much larger majority in countries of the Resource-Poor group. Resource-Rich Countries Resource-Poor Countries Yet, while Resource-Poor countries use more energy in buildings in total, when population sizes are considered the Resource-Rich group appears to have much higher consumption levels. For example, energy use at home for an average person in a Resource-Rich country is more than three times that of his Resource-Poor counterpart. kgoe Energy used per capita in residential buildings in 2009 (kilogram of oil equivalent) 700 600 500 OECD members residential average Group residential average 400 World residential average 300 200 Group residential average 100 Emirati Kuwaiti Bahraini Qatari Omani Saudi Libyan Lebanese Tunisian Jordanian Algerian Egyptian Iraqi Syrian Moroccan Yemeni Resource-Rich Countries Resource-Poor Countries Similarly, energy use in commercial and public buildings for an average person in a Resource-Rich country is almost ten times that of an average person in a Resource-Poor country. kgoe Energy used per capita in commercial buildings in 2009 (kilogram of oil equivalent) llL. 500 OECD members commercial average 400 300 Group commercial average 200 World commercial average 100 Group commercial average Emirati Kuwaiti Bahraini Qatari Omani Saudi Libyan Lebanese Tunisian Jordanian Algerian Egyptian Iragi Syrian Moroccan Yemeni An infographic by Carboun www.carboun.com f /carboun B/carboundotcom in carboun group Data sources: International Energy Agency and The World Bank. Copyrights © 2012 Carboun. Research and graphics by Karim Elgendy. Additional credits for Abdeltif El Ouhrani, Amr Elesawy, Guy El khoury, Rashed Al Nasa'a, Saima Mirza, Shada Elsherif, and Carla Nassab. No republishing or reproduction of this guide or part thereof without prior written consent from the author.