Parkinson's Disease

PARKINSON'S DISEASE What is PARKINSON'S DISEASE? In Parkinson's disease, cells in part of the brain called the substantia nigra die off. These cells make dopamine. When the brain does not have enough dopamine, it leads to the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Coronal section of the brain Body of corpus callosum Thalamus Red nucleus Substantia nigra Basilar pons Did You Know? PARKINSON's DISEASE affects about 500,000 people in the U.S.A. and about of all people 50 over Did You Know? Your RISK of getting PARKINSON's DISEASE is: 2% if you are måle 1.3% if you Some studies have shown that drinking coffee may lower your risk of developing Parkinson's disease are female SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE Parkinson disease presents with some or all of the following: Impaired balance and coordination, called "postural instability Tremors of the hands, legs or jaw TRUNK Slowness of movement Stiffness of the limbs and trunk, called called "bradykinesia" “rigidity" TREATMENTS FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE Currently, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease, but there are some medications to curb symptoms: • Levodopa is a medicine Tyrosine that is converted to dopamine in the brain, and is the gold standard of therapy. L-dopa Vesicles with the transmitter dopamine. Dopamine • Dopamine agonists are medications that have similar effects to levodopa on the brain. Synapse These include pramipexole & ropinirole. Dopamine receptor Receiving cell • Rasagiline and selegiline are medications that The message is passed on to: work by slowing down the metabolism of Cell nucleus levodopa in the brain • Entacapone is a medication that works by slowing down the metabolism of levodopa. A side effect of some medications for Parkinson's disease is excessive gambling, spending money, or eating. These issues, called "impulse control disorders" stop when the medication is discontinued. Surgical Options: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) DBS is a surgical procedure to treat Parkinson's disease. Coil of lead wire Electrode Lead DBS involves surgically placing an electrode into the brain. This DBS extension electrode delivers electrical impulses to the brain to jam abnormal brain signals, and helps treat tremor, Pulse generator/ neurostimulator slowness and rigidity. Mount Sinai 02012 The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New Yok You are free to copy distribute and transmit this content, but you must atribute the work to Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York