Misdiagnosis in the US

MISDIAGNOSIS IN THE U.S. One out of every twenty patients in the United States are misdiagnosed each year. Why is this issue so prevalent in our society? MOST COMMON REASONS FOR MISDIAGNOSIS Problems with ordering Failure by the patient to provide an accurate medical history Errors made by a doctor in interpreting test results diagnostic tests SYMPTOMS DOCTORS ABDOMINAL PAIN SHORTNESS OF BREATH MOST FREQUENTLY COUGH MISS OR MISDIAGNOSE ONE IN 20, ARE MISDIAGNOSED EVERY YEAR Researchers estimate the 28% - 44% number of patients suffering misdiagnosis-related, potentially preventable, significant permanent TYPES OF CANCERS ARE MISDIAGNOSIS injury or death annually in the U.S. ranges from 80,000 to 160,000 DEATHS UNNECESSARY TREATMENTS It is estimated that fatal Misdiagnoses can lead to delayed cancer diagnostic errors in U.S. intensive care units equal treatments or conversely, unnecessary treatment of nonexistent problems the number of breast cancer deaths each year: 40,500 INCREASED COST PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL TOLL Diagnostic errors Diagnostic errors cost $300,000 per can result in lasting malpractice claim physical harm, including False-positive exacerbation of mammograms and a latent illness, fatal delays in treatment and injury caused by overdiagnosis of breast cancer among women ages 40 to 59 unnecessary medication cost $4 billion in health-care spending annually POTENTIAL SEVERITY OF INJURY FROM DELAYED OR MISSED DIAGNOSIS IMMEDIATE OR INEVITABLE DEATH 14% SERIOUS PERMANENT DEATH 19% VERY SERIOUS HARM OR 16% PERMANENT DANGER CONSIDERABLE HARM OR REMEDIATION OF TREATMENT 38% DIGITAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT): A form of computed tomography (CT) technology that combines the use of computers and x-rays DIGITAL TOMOSYNTHESIS 4D ULTRASOUND A test that provides a dynamic image An imaging technique that combines multiple digital with high-frequency sound waves that capture images from multiple angles, granting three dimensional depth and detail to show real-time movement X-rays to produce a clear, 3D image COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY POSITRON EMISSION (CT) ANGIOGRAPHY TOMOGRAPHY (PET): A medical exam that combines a CT scan with an injection of a special dye called contrast An imaging test that uses a radioactive substance called a tracer to look for disease in the body material to produce pictures of blood vessels and tissues in a part of the body MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) May be used to detect a possible biomarker for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)- potentially helping to avoid misdiagnosis of the disorder May assist in preventing select patients from inadvertently receiving treatment for stroke misdiagnosis Can improve differentiation of a pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis IMAGING INFORMATICS OR MEDICAL IMAGING INFORMATICS (MII) MII is the development, application, and assessment of information technology (IT) for clinical medical imaging Example: DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) allows digital imaging technologies to interact seamlessly Benefits: It allows physicians to have better access to medical imaging data and reports so they can arrive at an appropriate diagnosis more quickly HOW NEW IT AND INFORMATICS SYSTEMS CAN SUPPORT POPULATION HEALTH A study found that patients who received computed tomography (CT) scans had a 15-20 percent lower risk of dying from lung cancer than participants who received standard chest X-rays Electronic Health Records (EHR) through digital diagnostic codes, are able to identify patients affected by particular health problems who might respond to a new treatment or service Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) a component of fully functional EHR systems, allows physicians to order prescription drugs and laboratory tests digitally, thereby eliminating errors associated with illegible hand-written prescriptions Hospitals with automated notes and records order entry and clinical decision support have fewer complications, lower mortality rates and lower costs ADU|ONLINE Science of Health. 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