Freshwater: how do we manage it?

influence in negative or positive way important considering that over the years there has been a constant precipitation trend, compared to the raise of temperature and consequently the evaporation increase, reducing at an alarming rate the amount of freshwater. POLITECNICO DI MILANO DEN- SITY GN + FRESHWATER: HOW DO WE MANAGE IT? LABORATORIO DI SINTESI FINALE performance of all climatic agents Politecnico di Milano A.Y. 2011-2012 water resources management. related to water resources and water NICO KOLITECN M.Sc. Communication Design Section c3 use by humans. The population growth affects water demand for all sectors, although, there is an increasing of waste water quantity over the years. But it's also affects the pollution trend, Water use is linked to a very complex MILANO system, in which climatic factors (like precipitation, temperature, floods, droughts and others) and non-climatic drivers (like population, economy, politics, life-style and others) influence FACOLTÀ DEL DESIGN Paolo Ciuccarelli Stefano Mandato Donato Ricci Tommaso Venturini each other. which in turn influences the water PROJECT BY Salvatore Zingale The whole water resources system is resources themselves. Therefore, the Bruna Cirincione Water has an important role in the ecological and socio-political global systems; for this awareness many studies have enhanced during the years closely related to temperature changing over the years, as well as population changing. The temperature variations affect the water management plays a key role in water use and in adaptation strategies Alessandro Dondero TEACHING ASSISTANTS Andrea Ferrari Matteo Azzi Mariolina Suglia Giorgio Caviglia Michele Mauri to prevent water-related environmental disasters. All these factors are very Cosimo Torsoli to determinate drivers that may Azzurra Pini WATER MANAGEMENT AND POPULATION INCREASE CANADA VS EGYPT 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000 2025 9.984.670 1.001.450 3.100 km3/yr TOTAL AREA water withdrawal wastewater Km2 2.600 3,133 70,07 POPULATION 1.900 DENSITY inhabitant/Km2 1.100 AGRICULTURE 27% WATER 800 92.769 816,5 850 PER CAPITA 800 550 inhabitant/m/yr 550 45% 300 300 250 3,76 4,92 years km3/yr 92% 1.200 WATER 100 800 WITHDRAWAL 45,97 68,3 700 730 10° m³/yr 650 INDUSTRY 250 Canada 50% 150 200 100, 50 Egypt wastewater years km3/yr 85% 650 TEMPERATURE & PRECIPITATIONS 400 550 PUBLIC 250 350 VARIATION 5,5% * 150 20% 100 210 50 10 13,9° 13,75° 13,62° 13,92° 13,86° 13,97° 13,87° 13,9° 14,13° 14,08° 13,85° 13,89° 14,03° 13,95° 14,05° 14,01° 14,21° 14,08° 14,36° 14,42° 14,41° 14,66° 14,66° 60 years billions POPULATION TEMPERATURE VARIATION 0% Km³ 1,6 2,55 6,1 8 119 k 119 k PRECIPITATIONS 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000 2025 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Constant average annual precipitations Same amount of rainfall concentrated in a shorter time WATER RESOURCES POPULATION TEMPERATURE SURFACE WATER 56 | 2.892 GROUND WATER 1,3 | 370 OCEANS PRECIPITATIONS GLACIERS 51,07 | 5.362 0 | 48.115 EVAPORATION 10° m/yr 10° m'/yr 10° m²/yr km? 3,4 million people/year die for waterborne diseases 1/5 5. liter of the population does not have enough drinking water Daily biological minimum requirement per person POLLUTION 10° m'/yr 10° m'/yr 3,76 | 4,92 WASTEWATER liter 0,1 | 0,003 DESALINISATION FRESHWATER MANAGEMENT Usa Madagascar 425 10 DEPURATION Daily water availability рer capita liter Canada Africa 350 20 relationships Daily water consumption per household water flows unknown flows 10º m³/yr 5,3 8,99 10° m²/yr 10° m²/yr | 59 PUBLIC SUPPLY gas flows AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY 4 Canada flows | 5,41 | 31,57 Egypt flows DensityDesign Design Research Lab Via Durando 10, 20159 Milano - 1 E [email protected]