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The Anatomy of a Fire Truck

THE ANATOMY OF A FIRE TRUCK The National Fire Protection Association estimates that fire departments respond to an average of 366,600 home structure fires a year. These fires account for a yearly average of $7.2 billion in direct property damage. However, these numbers would be much higher without the hard work and true bravery of an estimated 1,129,250 firefighters in the U.S. (as of 2012) and the tools they use, like the modern fire engine. A BRIEF HISTORY OF FIRE TRUCKS Fire engines are simply water pumps on wheels designed to accompany the bucket brigades. 1700s The introduction of paid fire brigades allows for the use of horse-drawn fire pumps. This makes 1800s transportation of pumps easier, but firefighters still have to run to fires. Mid- The first self-propelled, steam-powered fire engine is built in New York, though this isn't immediately popular as firefighters consider steam propulsion dangerous and unreliable. 1841 Knox Automobile in Springfield, Massachusetts, creates the first modern fire engine, which is 1905 mounted on a truck body. Ladders become a standard addition to fire trucks, allowing firemen to reach distances up to 150 feet. 1930s 150 FEET Fire trucks are fitted with cherry pickers, which consist of a large, human-sized bucket attached to a bending arm. 1940s The modern day fire truck is introduced, featuring water pumps, ladders, cherry pickers, and enclosed seats. 1960s THE COMPONENTS OF A FIRE TRUCK GRIPPED STEPS TOOL COMPARTMENTS The truck is surrounded with gripped steps, allowing firefighters to safely move throughout and around the vehicle. These hold a variety of tools commonly used in firefighting situations, including: AERIAL LADDER Axes Halligan bars Fire extinguishers The ladder is raised and lowered using a hydraulic piston rod Nozzles Cutters Ventilator fans FLOOD LIGHTS Designed to place a lot of water on HOSES Can reach up to large fires Generally used for commercial fires Deck gun Also called the feet deluge gun or master stream O Equipped with a master stream hose (capable of releasing 1,000 gallons per minute) Mounted atop the fire truck, the deck gun sprays up to 1,000 callons of water gallons of water, per minute. Bumper line Preconnects These are lines that are preconnected to the truck to save time when The truck's front bumper houses a small hose that can be used for garbage and car fires. firefighters arrive on the scene. Skid load Located on driver's The skid load is smaller and can be used inside a building. side, captain's side, and rear Blitz line Found in the back of the truck, the blitz line is used outside a building and requires two to three operators. o The pump panel controls the pressure and flow of all of the o If the firefighters are spraying one of the preconnects at 360 gallons a minute, they have less than 2 hoses on the fire engine o Operating the panel efficiently requires years of practice. minutes to switch from the fire truck's 500 gallon tank to a hydrant flow source without interrupting the stream. PUMP PANEL INTERIOR DRIVER'S CAB Flash lights Mounted laptop connected to Internet and dispatch Radio systems 00 Thermal imaging cameras Four air tanks Gas monitors Reference books The tanks are placed directly on the seats so that they can be strapped on while the firefighters are seated. 40m Each air tank has minutes of air. REAR PASSENGER COMPARTMENT Thermal imaging cameras Road cones Radios Wildland web gear Rope drop bags Brought to you by Truck Site trucksite.com Resources: http://www.abcofire.com/2012/04/history-fire-trucks/ http://nfpatoday.blog.nfpa.org/2013/10/new-report-on-the-number-of-firefighters-and-fire-departments-in-the-us.html http://www.abcofire.com/2012/04/history-fire-trucks/ https://www.historicvehicle.org/News/Articles/All-Articles/2012/09/04/Fire-Engines http://www.goldenvalleymn.gov/fire/trucks/pdf/fire-truck-anatomy.pdf http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/fire-engine2.htm http://www.lahcfd.org/documents/safety/R14/

The Anatomy of a Fire Truck

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The National Fire Protection Association estimates that fire departments respond to an average of 366,600 home structure fires a year. These fires account for a yearly average of $7.2 billion in direc...

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