The Evolution of Wireless Networks

THE EVOLUTION OF WIRELESS NETWORKS THE MAJOR ADVANCES IN WIRELESS NETWORKS AND A LOOK TOWARD FUTURE INNOVATION WITHIN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 1880 DİSCOVERY OF RADİO WAVES 1896 GUGLIELMO MARCONİ DEMONSTRATES WİRELESS TELEGRAPH SİGNALS İN ENGLAND 1901 TRANSMİTS A SHORT WİRELESS TRANS ATLANTİC MESSAGE BETWEEN 1922 BRİTAİN AND CANADA; 1933 THE LETTER "S" EDWİN ARMSTRONG DİSCOVERS THE UBER- REGENERATIVE RECEİVER, THE PORTABLE RADİO, ШН 1970 AND FM UNİVERSİTY OF HAWAİ PROFESSOR NORMAN ABRAMSON DEVELOPS ALOHANET, THE FORERUNNER OF ETHERNET AND WİRELESS LAN NETWORKS, USİNG RADİO SİGNALS FOR DATA TRANSMİSSİON VİA HİGH-SPEED 1979 PACKETS 1G - FİRST COMMERCİAL ANALOG CELL PHONE SYSTEM APPEARS IN JAPAN VIA NİPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE 1983 MOTOROLA RELEASES THE TWO-POUND "BRİCK" DYNATAC PHONE WİTH ONE-HOUR TALK TİME CAPABİLİTY, AND AMERİTECH DEVELOPS A CHİCAGO IG NETWORK 1995 ONE YEAR AFTER THE FCC'S $7 BİLLİON LİCENSİNG AUCTİON FOR THE PERSONAL COMMUNICATION SPECTRUM, SPRÍNT DEBUTS THE FİRST 2000 2G PCS SYSTEM KOREA'S SK TELECOM LAUNCHES THE FİRST 3G COMMERCİAL SYSTEM 2009 4G - THE 802.11N STANDARD MİMO, AND DUAL-BAND wi-Fİ ROUTERS ARE DEVELOPED TO COUNTERACT 2.4 GHZ CROW DİNG. 2014 APPLE HİTS THE 40 BİLLİON APP DOWNLOAD MARK MAJOR CHANGES FROM 3G TO 4G (LTE) 3G ADVANCES, ABILITIES AND SPEEDS 1998 2001 2003 ÎN EUROPE, 3G STANDARDS WERE FİNALİZED FOR UNİVERAL MOBİLE TELECOMMUNİCATİONS SYSTEM (UMTS) VIA RELEASE 99 (REL-99) 3G NETWORK LAUNCHED BY JAPAN'S NTTDOCOMO BROUGHT 3G MOBİLE NETWORKS TO THE U.S. (144 KBPS) COVERS A 30-KİLOMETER AREA ÎN TOKYO 3G ABİLİTİES: EMAİL, GPS CONNECTİVİTY, SOCIAL NETWORK 3G SPEEDS RANGE FROM 200 KBPS TO OVER 40 MBPS, WITH İNFORMATION ACCESS, WEATHER REPORTS TRANSFER RATES OF 2 MBPS OR MORE 4G ADVANCES, ABILITIES AND SPEEDS 2005 JUNE 23 NTT DOCOMO'S 4G FİELD TRIAL IN TOKYO SHOWS A REAL-TİME 1 GBPS TRANSMİSSİON AT 20 KMPH MOBİLİTY MARCH 2007 EDGE' REL-7 ROLLS OUT THE 4G (LTE) FORERUNNERS - HSPA+ AND EVOLVED EDGE. CONSUMERS CAN SHARE PİCTURES AND VİDEOS, DO VOİP STREAMİNG AND HOLD WALKİE-TALKİE-LİKE GROUP PHONE CHATS (PUSH-TO-TALK OR POC). 2010 ............ NUMBER OF MOBİLE PHONE SUBSCRİPTIONS ARE FOUR TÍMES MORE THAN GROUNDED TELEPHONE WİRES 4G ADVANTAGES: MULTİPLE APP CONNECTİVİTY, WEB SURFİNG, VİDEO STREAMİNG, LAPTOP-ENABLED MOBİLE LİNKİNG, LARGE DATA TRANSFER, ABİLİTY TO COMMUNICATE THROUGH 3G NETWORKS LTE AVERAGES 10 TİMES THE SPEED OF A 3G NETWORK 4G 3G İNCENTİVE TO MOVE TOWARD LTE: BY 2015, SPRİNT PHONES RUNNING ON OLD WİMAX SYSTEMS WİLL BE DİSCONNECTED 4G (LTE) SPEEDS RANGE FROM 100 MBPS IN HİGH-MOBİLİTY RANGES (TRAVELİNG 60+ MPH BY CAR OR TRAİN) TO 1 GBPS FOR LOw -MOBİLİTY USAGE (WALKİNG OR SITTİNG) PREDICTIONS, CHALLENGES AND REASONS TO MOVE TOWARD 5G AND IOT TIMELINE OF EXPERT PREDICTIONS PER CİSCO, 4G WILL ACCOUNT FOR 10% OF ALL CONNECTIONS BUT GENERATE 8 TİMES THE AMOUNT OF NON-4G TRAFFIC. -2017 SMARTPHONES AND TABLETS WİLL OPERATE VİA LTE AND wi-Fİ, AVERAGİNG OVER 5 MBPS; MOBILE CONNECTION SPEEDS WILL İNCREASE 7-FOLD. OVER 90% OF THE EARTH'S POPULATİON WİLL HAVE MOBİLE NETWORK ACCESS; 65% OF THEM WİLL USE 4G (LTE) 10% 2019- •2025 1 TRİLLİON NETWORKED DEVİCES ÎN USE, CONSUMER AND İNDUSTRIAL, FROM HOSPİTAL BED AVAİLABİLITY SENSORS TO AUTO- GENERATED SHOPPING LİSTS TRİLLİON. DAİLY, EACH PERSON WİLL TOUCH OR USE BETWEEN 300-500 "SMART" DEVICES 2032- CURRENT BASIS FOR PREDICTIONS 5% 20% 40% 60% 1 TRILLION 2009 2013 2012 2014 MOBİLE CUSTOMERS SPENT 40% OF $1 TRİLLION ON MOBİLE DATA SERVICE, WHICH GREW OVER 20% ANNUALLY GLOBAL CELLPHONE OWNERS SHOT FROM 5% TO OVER 20% 2013 2014 1 OUT OF EVERY 17 PEOPLE OWNED A TABLET 50% OF THE WORLD'S POPULATION İS 3G-ENABLED, 3G CONNECTIONS AND LTE NETWORKS GROW 40% ANNUALLY, AND DATA TRAFFİC HAS DOUBLED ANNUALLY SİNCE 2011 APPLE'S CLOUD-BASED HEALTHKİT WİLL MONİTOR YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE AND WEIGHT VIA IWATCH AND INTEGRATE WITH OTHER HEALTH TOOLS APPLE AND İMB ARE TAG-TEAMİNG ON HUNDREDS OF VERTİCAL MARKET APPS - İBM WİLL RELEASE 100,000 REPS AND CONSULTANTS TO RELEASE İPAD AND İPHONE USE, VIA İBM RESALES AND SERVICE CONTRACTS BY DECEMBER 2014, MOBİLE SUBSCRİPTIONS MAY OUTPACE THE GLOBAL POPULATION OF 7 BİLLION PEOPLE. COMPARİSON: IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, 75% OF HOUSEHOLDS HAVE TELEVİSİON ACCESS, 20% HAVE WEB CONNECTIVITY AND CELLPHONES ALREADY OUTNUMBER PEOPLE ÎN 100 COUNTRIES EXISTING 4G CHALLENGES AND ISSUES CHALLENGES: TRADING BETWEEN FLEXİBİLITY OF USE AND THE PLATFORMS' SPACE AND POWER CAPABİLİTIES, TRAFFİC AVALANCHES, NUMBER OF DEVİCES, DİFFERİNG REQUİREMENTS FOR LATENCY AND RELIABİLİTY İSSUES TO SOLVE: SPECTRUM GROWTH AND MANAGEMENT, FREQUENCY LİCENSİNG AND TENSİONS BETWEEN LOW COST AND HIGH ENERGY DEMAND 5G SOLUTIONS 2020 5G NETWORKS SHOULD CLOSE THE 5G SHOULD OPERATE ON A COMPLETELY IP-BASED, CENTRALİZED SUPERCORE MODEL UNİFYİNG EXİSTİNG NETWORK OPERATORS (GSDM, CDMA, Wi-MAX, WİRE LİNE) PROGRESS GAP THROUGH A 4W WİRELESS WEB SYSTEM, PROVİDİNG BROADBAND TO LAPTOPS VÍA CELL PHONES 65,000 5G VİSİON OF POSSİBİLİTİES: VİRTUAL NAVIGATION, TELE-MEDICİNE VIA STREAMİNG VİDEO WITH MEDICAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, ONLİNE CRİSİS MANAGEMENT FOR NATURAL DİSASTERS 5G GİGABİT DATA BROADCASTİNG SHOULD SUPPORT UP TO 65,000 CONNECTIONS, WITH SPEEDS UP TO 25 MBPS Sources http://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/2014/08/14/what-internet-things-means-to/ http://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/2014/07/18/apple-ibm-enterprise- pact-faces-enomous-challenges/ http://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2014/06/18/a-very-short-histor y-of-the-internet-of-things/ http://www.purplewifi.net/history-wifi/ http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/03/11/world-wide-web-timeline/ http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/3g-and-4g-whats-the- difference/#lbDv19g http://www.academia.edu/4269405/ Evolution_of_Mobile_Wireless_Communication_Networks-1 G_to_5G_as_well_as_Future_Prospective_of_Next_Generation_Communication_Network http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-of-Things http://www.wired.com/2013/05/internet-of-things-2/all/ http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2399984,00.asp http://mashable.com/2012/06/12/4g-explained-what-is-Ite/ http://www.4gamericas.org/documents/4G%20Mobile%20Broadband %20Evolution%20Rel-11%20%20Rel%2012%20and%20Beyond%20Feb%202014%20-%20FINAL.pdf http://www.fastcoexist.com/3032260/10-breakthrough-innovations-that-will-shape-the-world-in-2025 http://www.wirelesshistoryfoundation.org/wireless-history-project/wireless-history-timeline https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/-ece414/ece414_chapter1_w12.pdf http://www.pbs.org/kenburns/empire/timeline/ http://www.tuaw.com/2010/04/30/3g-technology-yesterday-today-and-tomorrow http://www.biztechmagazine.com/article/2012/06/fathers-technology-10-men-who-invented-and-innovated-tech http://www.ieeeghn.org/wikifindex.php/Wireless_LAN_802.11 Wi-Fi NJIT New Jersey Institute of Technology http://electricalengineering.online.njit.edu/