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The Science of ID: Biochemistry

THE SCIENCE OF ID Is Intelligent Design Science? www.DiscoveringlD.org Biochemistry The theory of intelligent design holds that some natural objects are best explained by an intelligent cause because they contain the type of information and complexity which-in our experience-only ever come from the action of an intelligent mind. Intelligent design uses the scientific method (e.g., observation, hypothesis, experiment, and conclusion) to make its claims. Let's see how ID uses the scientific method to detect design in biochemistry. Observation Systems with large amounts of complex and specified information* (e.g., codes and languages) always originate from an intelligent source. The Rosetta Stone exhibits a high level of specified complexity in that it has an unlikely series of symbols and characters which match precise patterns that convey meaningful ideas in human language. We can recognize patterns in the symbols that tell us they originate from an intelligent agent as opposed to blind and unguided material processes such as erosion or other geological forces. * Something is complex if it has a low probability of occurrence, and specified if it matches some independent pattern. Hypothesis Natural structures will be found that are irreducibly complex*, and contain many parts arranged in intricate patterns. In our uniform and repeated experience irreducibly complex systems (e.g.. a bicycle) always originate from a mind capable of thinking with forethought and intentionality. Only intelligence can create the unlikely arrangement of parts that matches a specific pattern required for the machine to perform its function. ID predicts that natural structures will contain this same kind of information and complexity-patterns which we attribute to mind. 42e * Irreducible complexity is a special type of specified complexity found when a system requires a certain core number of parts in order to function. If any part is removed then the system stops functioning. Hence, the complexity of the system cannot be reduced without destroying function and is therefore irreducibly complex. Experiment By experimentally removing or breaking parts in a system, then testing for functionality without those parts, we can determine whether the system is irreducibly complex. Bacterial Flagellum Hook (universal joint) Filament (propeller) L ring (bushing) P ring (bushing) -Stator Studs Rotor -C ring S ring M ring. Scientists have performed genetic knockout experiments on the bacterial flagellum to determine whether it requires a core number of parts in order to function. These tests have shown that the bacterial flagellum is irreducibly complex, meaning that without vital components, the molecular machine cannof function. Conclusion High levels of ireducible complexity (and specified complexity) in biochemical systems are best explained by the action of an intelligent agent. In the same way that we attribute the complex and specified information found on the Rosetta Stone and in machines to an intentional mind, the specified and even irreducible complexity found in living organisms points to an intelligent cause. By viewing biological systems as designed machines, ID opens up new avenues of scientific investigation to understand how life works. DISCOVERING INTELLIGENT DESIGN This is a segment based upon the Discovering Inteligent Design textbook. To learn more about the A Jouney Into The Scientific Evidence wonders of nature and the evidence for intelligent design, check out the Discovering Inteligent Design curriculum at: Gary Kemper Hallie Kemper Casey Luskin www.DiscoveringID.org ©2013 Discovery Institute Designed by Jens Jorgenson SCIENCE CULTURE A Program of Discovery Institute

The Science of ID: Biochemistry

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The theory of intelligent design holds that some natural objects are best explained by an intelligent cause because they contain the type of information and complexity which—in our experience—only...

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