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What is Malaria?

WHAT IS MALARIA? It's a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes. A child is killed by malaria every 60 seconds. 10-30 days: this is the time it takes for symptoms of malaria to take effect. COMPARISON OF MALARIA CASES AROUND THE WORLD 90% of malaria-related cases deaths deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa, which Dr. Margaret Chan, Director- General of the WHO called "the heartland of malaria." Ethiopia The Novartis ACT was launched as first-line therapy in Ethiopia in 2004. Data from selected health facilities showed that in-patient malaria cases and deaths in children under 5 years old in Ethiopia fell by 73% and 62%, respectively, between 2005 and 2007 AFRICA 174 million MALARIA CASES Rwanda Rwanda, which adopted the Novartis ACT as first-line therapy in 2006, also reported a significant decline in malaria incidence. Between 2005 and 2010, malaria incidence decreased by 70%, while malaria morbidity declined by 60% and malaria deaths by 54%. (deaths) 596,000 Zambia The scaling up of malaria prevention strategies and vector control in Zambia has dramatically reduced the burden of malaria. By 2008, the rates of in-patient malaria cases and deaths decreased by 61% and 66%, respectively, compared with the period before which the efforts were intensified. SOUTHEAST ASIA Cases | 32 million Deaths | 43,000 EASTERN Who is most at risk? MEDITERRANEAN Cases | 10.4 million Deaths | 15,000 Pregnant women Young children WESTERN PACIFIC AMERICA EUROPE Cases | 1.7 million Deaths | 4,000 Cases | 1.1million Deaths | 1,100 Cases | 200 Deaths | 0 People with HIV/AIDS International travelers from non-endemic areas becau they lack immunity 3.3billion 90% 90% millions cases of half the world's population lives in areas affected by malarial transmission. of malaria cases are likely to go unreported. malaria There were 219 million of malaria-related deaths occur in children under 5 deaths cases of malaria in 2010. causing an estimated years old. 660,000 deaths. ALL ABOUT MOSQUITOES AT NIGHT Malaria-carrying Anopheles mosquitoes usually bite at night. BREED They breed in shallow puddles of water. WHY AFRICA? The African vector species has a long lifespan and strong human-biting habit, explaining why most malaria deaths are in Africa. LIFESPAN The longer the mosquito lifespan, the higher the chance of parasite transmission. WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF MALARIA? 00 lel Fevers Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Shaking chills Headaches Muscle aches LEFT UNTREATED, IT MAY CAUSE Kidney failure Seizures, mental Comas and death confusion MALARIA TREATMENT 101 ACT Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy What is it? A combination of two compounds, one derived from a plant. ACTS are recommended by the WHO and first-line treatmentin 79 countries. Yet, old antimalarial medicine like chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine that have lost their effectiveness due to drug resistance are still in use in many places in Africa. The Novartis ACT has 95% demonstrated a cure rate >95% in clinical trials. * *28-day PCR-corrected cure rates in evaluable population ITN Insecticide Treated Bed Net What is it? Mosquito nets treated with insecticide. Recommended as a physical and chemical barrier during bedtime. 33% of the population sleeps under a bed net at home. 53% of households own at least 1 net. IRS Indoor Residual Spraying Most effective What is it? Insecticide spraying in households over when about 80% of houses in an area are treated. large areas. THE PRICE OF MALARIA USD 12 billion 25% Malaria is estimated to cost Africa's of ANNUAL INCOME GDP more than USD 12 billion every year - even if it can be controlled for a much smaller price. What a malaria-stricken family spends on treatment. T**i60% 1% Percentage of children's schooling impaired by absenteeism due to malaria in endemic areas. Malaria continues to slow economic growth by 1% every year. WHAT GOES WRONG? Drug resistance Poor sanitation Lack of access to Climate change Funding shortages healthcare ON THE BRIGHT SIDE 79 countries -26% adopted ACTS as first-line treatment for malaria - less drug resistance. -33% 600 millions treatments provided to adults and children without profit from Novartis, +efficient 2000 today Novartis reduced its antimalarial Percentage of global malaria mortality rates Percentage of African malaria mortality rates treatment packaging size by 40%, making transport and storage more efficient. THE FUTURE OF ANTIMALARIAL MEDICINE ACT PROCUREMENT Public- and private-sector procurement of ACTS 278M 300M Since the early 2000s, almost all sub-Saharan African countries have revised their national drug policies to promote ACTS. 250M 200M 150M 100M 5560% growth in 7 years 11M 50M OM 2005 2011 Designed by O NOVARTIS (visual.ly

What is Malaria?

shared by ernestoolivares on Jul 07
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It's a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes.

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