The Lowdown on Lung Cancer

LUNG CANCER What is Lung Cancer? Lung cancer tumor Lung cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in the lungs. Lung cancer may eventually spread to other parts of the body if not discovered Lung Lung and treated early. Did You Know? MORE PEOPLE DIE of LUNG CANCER in the U.S. than any other type of cancer for both men and women It is the No.1 CANCER DEATHS 200,000 cancer killer 157,300 LUNG 150,000 killing more people than the next three most 100,000 51,370 COLON/RECTAL S0,000 32,050 BREAST common cancers PROSTATE combined Source: National Cancer Institute- 2010 colon, breast and prostate cancers Did You Know? 450 people in the U.S. die every day from Lung Cacer which is 19 60 55 50 53 10 45 15 people per hour 40 Lung Cancer is responsible for 1.3 million deaths worldwide annually (as of data from 2004) American Cancer The American Cancer Society's most recent estimates for lung cancer in the United States for Society 2012 are: • About 226,160 new cases of lung cancer will be diagnosed (116,470 in men and 109,690 in women). • There will be an estimated 160,340 deaths from lung cancer (87,750 in men and 72,590 among women), accounting for about 28% of all cancer deaths. CAUSES OF LUNG CANCER • SMOKING - 85% The longer a person has been smoking, and the more cigarettes she or he smoked a day, the greater her or his risk is of developing lung cancer. • Heavy exposure to: asbestos, radon, uranium, arsenic, and other carcinogens DANGER ASBESTOS CANCER & LUNG DISEASE HAZARD • Genetic predisposition Heavy exposure to secondhand smoke • Lung scarring from a past illness SYMPTOMS OF LUNG CANCER Coughing - that gets worse or doesn't go away. • Chest pain. • Shortness of breath. Wheezing. Coughing up blood. Feeling very tired all the time (fatigue). Weight loss with no known cause. REASONS FOR OPTIMISM · Public health efforts have dramatically increased awareness about the perils of smoking and have reduced smoking rates Screening high risk current or former smokers with low-dose CT scans has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% compared to chest X-ray • The application of non-invasive tests, such as endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) can assist with early detection and diagnosis • Molecular testing - specifically for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation - has increased the chance of response to 70% with the drug Erlotinib (Tarceva), versus 30% with conventional chemotherapy SCREENING FOR LUNG CANCER Getting Tested - Get a CT scan The CT (Computed Tomography) scan or the CAT (Computer-Aided Tomography) scan is a diagnostic procedure that takes a detailed cross-sectional picture of the body. CT scanner The patient lies very still on a table connected to the CT scanner. The CT machine is shaped like a doughnut and the table simply slides through the doughnut in 20 seconds. No injections or medications are needed. Table CT scans can show the shape, size, and the exact location of organs and tissues in any "slice" of the body more clearly than other diagnostic tools. CT scans are more sensitive than routine chest x-rays in finding early lung cancers. Lung cancer tumor Lung Lung CT scan of the chest, axial section view COLORIZED CT scan of the chest, highlighting tumor TREATMENTS FOR LUNG CANCER NON-Surgical Options: Radiation oncology Radiation therapy involves the delivery of radiation to the tumor while minimizing the dose to normal cells including: TomeTheragy • Stereotactic body radiation therapy • Modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) Surgical Options: Minimally Invasive lung surğery Early-stage lung cancer is treated most effectively by surgical removal. The malignant area is removed by performing an anatomic resection of lung called a lobectomy. In addition, they sample and remove the adjacent lymph nodes, giving them the most accurate means of Lung identifying whether or not the cancer has spread outside the lung. Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Surgery (VATS) VATS surgery allows the same surgical benefit as the traditional open approach but with less pain, faster recovery, shorter hospitalization, and quicker return to full activities. In VATS, surgeons use three small incisions along with a telescopic camera and specially designed instruments Posterior port Working port that allow them Lung to perform the entire operation from outside Clamp the chest. Stapler Camera port In contrast to the open procedure, Camera there is no rib spreading or need to fracture the ribs to perform the operation. Mount Sinai Source: CDC, httpwww.cdc.govlcancerfung'statstcsindex htm Source: American Cancer Society, htp:/www.cancer orgicancerlungcancer-non-smalcelidetaledguideinonsmal-cel-lung-cancer-kay-statistics (copyright 2011) Souroe NCI http/www.cancer govicancertopicstypeslung Source: Wikipedia, htpen wikipedia orgwikiLung canoer Souroe: Lung Canoer Foundation, http:www.kungcanoerfoundation.orglabout-lung-cancertact-sheets/ (updated 2009, using the American Cancer Society, Lung Cancer Alance and NCI as sources) O 2012 The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York You are froe to copy, distribute and transmit this content, but you must attribute the work to Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York. www hum LUNG CANCER What is Lung Cancer? Lung cancer tumor Lung cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in the lungs. Lung cancer may eventually spread to other parts of the body if not discovered Lung Lung and treated early. Did You Know? MORE PEOPLE DIE of LUNG CANCER in the U.S. than any other type of cancer for both men and women It is the No.1 CANCER DEATHS 200,000 cancer killer 157,300 LUNG 150,000 killing more people than the next three most 100,000 51,370 COLON/RECTAL S0,000 32,050 BREAST common cancers PROSTATE combined Source: National Cancer Institute- 2010 colon, breast and prostate cancers Did You Know? 450 people in the U.S. die every day from Lung Cacer which is 19 60 55 50 53 10 45 15 people per hour 40 Lung Cancer is responsible for 1.3 million deaths worldwide annually (as of data from 2004) American Cancer The American Cancer Society's most recent estimates for lung cancer in the United States for Society 2012 are: • About 226,160 new cases of lung cancer will be diagnosed (116,470 in men and 109,690 in women). • There will be an estimated 160,340 deaths from lung cancer (87,750 in men and 72,590 among women), accounting for about 28% of all cancer deaths. CAUSES OF LUNG CANCER • SMOKING - 85% The longer a person has been smoking, and the more cigarettes she or he smoked a day, the greater her or his risk is of developing lung cancer. • Heavy exposure to: asbestos, radon, uranium, arsenic, and other carcinogens DANGER ASBESTOS CANCER & LUNG DISEASE HAZARD • Genetic predisposition Heavy exposure to secondhand smoke • Lung scarring from a past illness SYMPTOMS OF LUNG CANCER Coughing - that gets worse or doesn't go away. • Chest pain. • Shortness of breath. Wheezing. Coughing up blood. Feeling very tired all the time (fatigue). Weight loss with no known cause. REASONS FOR OPTIMISM · Public health efforts have dramatically increased awareness about the perils of smoking and have reduced smoking rates Screening high risk current or former smokers with low-dose CT scans has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% compared to chest X-ray • The application of non-invasive tests, such as endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) can assist with early detection and diagnosis • Molecular testing - specifically for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation - has increased the chance of response to 70% with the drug Erlotinib (Tarceva), versus 30% with conventional chemotherapy SCREENING FOR LUNG CANCER Getting Tested - Get a CT scan The CT (Computed Tomography) scan or the CAT (Computer-Aided Tomography) scan is a diagnostic procedure that takes a detailed cross-sectional picture of the body. CT scanner The patient lies very still on a table connected to the CT scanner. The CT machine is shaped like a doughnut and the table simply slides through the doughnut in 20 seconds. No injections or medications are needed. Table CT scans can show the shape, size, and the exact location of organs and tissues in any "slice" of the body more clearly than other diagnostic tools. CT scans are more sensitive than routine chest x-rays in finding early lung cancers. Lung cancer tumor Lung Lung CT scan of the chest, axial section view COLORIZED CT scan of the chest, highlighting tumor TREATMENTS FOR LUNG CANCER NON-Surgical Options: Radiation oncology Radiation therapy involves the delivery of radiation to the tumor while minimizing the dose to normal cells including: TomeTheragy • Stereotactic body radiation therapy • Modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) Surgical Options: Minimally Invasive lung surğery Early-stage lung cancer is treated most effectively by surgical removal. The malignant area is removed by performing an anatomic resection of lung called a lobectomy. In addition, they sample and remove the adjacent lymph nodes, giving them the most accurate means of Lung identifying whether or not the cancer has spread outside the lung. Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Surgery (VATS) VATS surgery allows the same surgical benefit as the traditional open approach but with less pain, faster recovery, shorter hospitalization, and quicker return to full activities. In VATS, surgeons use three small incisions along with a telescopic camera and specially designed instruments Posterior port Working port that allow them Lung to perform the entire operation from outside Clamp the chest. Stapler Camera port In contrast to the open procedure, Camera there is no rib spreading or need to fracture the ribs to perform the operation. Mount Sinai Source: CDC, httpwww.cdc.govlcancerfung'statstcsindex htm Source: American Cancer Society, htp:/www.cancer orgicancerlungcancer-non-smalcelidetaledguideinonsmal-cel-lung-cancer-kay-statistics (copyright 2011) Souroe NCI http/www.cancer govicancertopicstypeslung Source: Wikipedia, htpen wikipedia orgwikiLung canoer Souroe: Lung Canoer Foundation, http:www.kungcanoerfoundation.orglabout-lung-cancertact-sheets/ (updated 2009, using the American Cancer Society, Lung Cancer Alance and NCI as sources) O 2012 The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York You are froe to copy, distribute and transmit this content, but you must attribute the work to Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York. www hum