Ebola Spreads West

EBOLA SPREADS WEST Guinea is experiencing its first Ebola outbreak, the first in West Africa since 1994. The severe viral haemorrhagic fever was first identified in 1976 in simultaneous outbreaks in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. There is no specific treatment or vaccine for Ebola, and the virus can have a fatality rate of up to 90 percent. Once thought to be carried by primates, Ebola is now believed to be spread by bats. IRAQ IRAN MOROCCO ALGERIA LIBYA EGYPT SAUDI ARABIA MAURITANIA OMAN MALI NIGER CHAD SUDAN YEMEN HURKINA FASO SGENIN DJIBOUTI NIGERIA E CỘTE D'IVOIRE *(GHANA ENTRAL ETHIOPIA EBOLA STRAINS AFRICAN REPUBLIC. NTH S SUDAN Zaire CAMEROON SOMALLA Sudan EQUATORIA KENYA Ivory Coast 2 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF RANDA BURUNDI The Ebola outbreak in Guinea is the first in West Africa since 1994 Bundibugyo when a scientist contracted the disease while working with infected chimpanzees in Côte D'Ivoire. The scientist had the Ivory Coast strain and eventually recovered. TANZANIA NO. OF CASES 500 250 ANGOLA 100 50 10 ZAMBIA MSCAMBIOUE HABITATS EBOLA CASES BY YEAR ZIMBABWE Fruit bat territory NAMIBIA MADAGASCAR 602 PBOTSWANAD SOUTH AFRICA 425 413 315 There were no recorded Ebola outbreaks between 1980-1993. Scientists believe the reemergence of the virus is due to an increase in gorilla and chimpanzee mortality, increased hunting of fruit bats, and the virus' mutation into new strains - Ivory Coast (1994) and Bundibugyo (2007). *Estimated cases as of March 26 143 122 99 80 53 17 HOW EBOLA IS TRANSMITTED EBOLA IS DEADLY Ebola spreads through close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people or animals. In Africa, Ebola outbreaks have been linked to the handling of infected fruit bats, the virus' natural host, as well as chimpanzees, gorillas, monkeys, forest antelope and porcupines. There is no human vaccine for Ebola, and outbreaks can have a fatality rate up to 90 percent. The Zaire strain has the highest and has been linked to the current outbreak in Guinea. Fruit bats are the AVERAGE FATALITY RATE natural host of the Ebola virus. 78% 53% Humans contract Zaire strain Sudan strain the virus by close contact with infected animals. 0% 27% The virus spreads human-to-human through close contact with infected individuals. Burial ceremonies and health care tasks Gorillas and other Ivory Coast strain Bundibugyo strain animals are infected by eating fruit bats or fruit *A fifth strain of Ebola was first reported in 1989. The Reston strain has been documented in the that the bats have pose a great risk. salivated on. United States, Italy, and the Philippines, but has not caused any human deaths. Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, The Guardian, Nature.com THE HUFFINGTON POST SLOZ 2011 - 2010 600Z 2008 8 LO07 9007 2004 E007 L00a 6661 866L L66L O 966L Z661 1661 0661 686L 886L 2861 996L 1985 1984 1983 Z861 1981 0861 6L6L 8461 -| LL6L 916