Light Pollution is a Bummer

LIGHT POLLUTION IS A BUMMER STATS AND USEFUL TIPS TO COMBAT LIGHT POLLUTION THE TOP TEN BRIGHTEST CITIES 01 TOKYO, JAPAN 02 LONDON, ENGLAND 03 NEW YORK CITY, USA 04 PARIS, FRANCE 05 MOSCOW, RUSSIA 90 MADRID, SPAIN 07 ATHENS, GREECE 80 BEIJING, CHINA 09 LAS VEGAS, USA 10 HONG KONG, CHINA ENERGY WE ARE WASTING WITH LIGHT POLLUTION EQUIVALENT TO 4.9 MILLIONS LITTERS OF GAS, 37 MILLION KM FOR AN AVERAGE SUV, MEANING 104 TIMES THE EARTH-MOON DISTANCE. THIS IS ALSO EQUIVALENT TO 9436 OF SUCH SUV TRAVELING FROM NY TO LA. EQUIVALENTS OF 15 BILLION FLASHLIGHTS BURNING FOR 8 HOURS EVERY NIGHT. 41 TW-H (TERAWATT HOUR) EQUIVALENT TO 5 NUCLEAR REACTORS EQUIVALENT TO 27 SUPERTANKERS FULL OF OILS COAL EQUIVALENT TO 5.8 MILLIONS TONS OF COAL EQUIVALENT TO 380 BILLIONS DOLLARS/300 BILLIONS EUROS EFFECTS O0N NATURE ON LAND BIRDS PLANTS FROGS THE PERMANENT GROWTH OF CITIES AND THE * PLANTS NEED OBSCURITY TO REGENERATE. CRITI- • IN A RECENTLY PUBLISHED ARTICLE, TWO CANA- ASSOCIATED INCREASE IN ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING BY CAL ASPECTS, PARTICULARLY THE TIMING, OF THEIR DIAN RESEARCHERS INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF STREET LAMPS AND ILLUMINATED BUILDINGS HAS DEVELOPMENT, FLOWERING, AND ONSET OF DOR- INTERMITTENT LIGHT ON THE REPRODUCTIVE FATAL CONSEQUENCES FOR MIGRATORY BIRDS. MANCY. BEHAVIOR OF NORTHERN GREEN FROGS. THE RESULTS SHOW A SIGNIFICANT 44% DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CALLS AND A 675% INCREASE IN THESE MOSTLY NOCTURNAL MIGRATORY SPECIES ARE DISORIENTATED AND ATTRACTED BY THE SKY • WHEN PLANTS SEE TOO MUCH LIGHT, THEY THINK GLOW WHICH CITIES PRODUCE DURING THE NIGHT. THE DAYS ARE SHORTER AND THAT SPRINGS BACK. THE NUMBER OF MOVES MADE BY INDIVIDUALS. THE GROW FLOWERS TOO EARLY, DURING COLD * MIGRATORY BIRDS ARE ATTRACTED TO THE LIGHTS TIMES. • LIGHT HAS AN EFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF TAD- ON TALL TOWERS WHEN WEATHER CONDITIONS POLES. LIGHTS AT NIGHT ALSO DISRUPT ECOLOGI- ARE ADVERSE. IN NORTH AMERICA, AN ESTIMATED • MANY INSECTS ARE ATTRACTED TO THEIR DEATHS AT CAL INTERACTIONS. PREDATOR-PREY INTERAC- 4-5 MILLION BIRDS ARE KILLED PER YEAR IN COLLI- LIGHTS; IN GERMANY ALONE, THE ESTIMATE OF TIONS ARE PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO INFLU- SIONS WITH TOWERS. TOTAL INSECT DEATHS AT STREETLIGHTS IN A ENCE BY LIGHTING. IN GENERAL, ADDITIONAL. LIGHT SUMMER IS 10O BILLION. BENEFITS THE PREDATOR. EFFECTS ON NATURE ON WATER SEABIRDS TURTLES FISH ARE ATTRACTED BY LIGHT HOUSES. BRITISH COLUM- ARTIFICIAL LIGHT HAS SEVERAL EFFECTS ON FEMALE - REACTION (ATTRACTION AND AVOIDANCE) OF FISH BIA RECORDED AN ANNUAL MORTALITY OF OVER TURTLES SEARCHING LOCATIONS FOR NESTS AND TO ARTIFICIAL LIGHT DEPENDS ON THE SPECIES BUT ON HATCHLINGS FINDING THE SEA. THE FEMALE TURTLES AVOID ILLUMINATED BEACHES FOR THEIR 6,000 BIRDS AT 45 LIGHTHOUSES. AFFECTS THEIR NATURAL BEHAVIOR IN BOTH WAYS. • A STUDY OF LIGHTING TECHNIQUES IN DEEP-SEA FISH OBSERVATION POINTED OUT THAT WHITE ARE ATTRACTED TO AND INCINERATED AT FLARES AT NESTS WITH THE EFFECT THAT THE NESTS ARE CON- OIL PLATFORMS, MIGRATORY BIRDS ARE KILLED CENTRATED ON THE LESS ILLUMINATED AND RUNNING INTO CRUISE SHIPS. SHADED PARTS. THIS CAN CAUSE A SELECTION OF A LIGHT DISRUPTS THE NATURAL BEHAVIOR OF DEEP- SUBOPTIMAL NESTING HABITAT OR SPECIAL CON- SEA FISH. CENTRATION OF NESTS. HOW TO COMBAT LIGHT POLLUTION WALL LIGHTS & ADVERTISING BAD ACCEPTABLE CORRECT CORRECT THE ANGLES DISPERSION >70° BAD <70° ACCEPTABLE <10° CORRECT >10° BAD 0° - 10 CORRECT LAMPS BAD CORRECT BAD CORRECT BAD VIEW YOUR LIGHT POLLUTION IN STARMAP STARMAP'S ALGORITHM CITIES Σ - 11,300,000 POPULATION HEIGHT LIGHT POLLUTION= SFACTOR DISTANCE 2.5 GET STARMAP ON YOUR IPHONE OR IPAD Starmap