Global Impact Of Climate Change

WEATHER EXTREMES ARE ALREADY AFFECTING LIVES AROUND THE WORLD, DAMAGING CROPS AND COASTLINES AND PUTTING WATER SECURITY AT RISK. GLOBAL IMPACTS IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES Climate change will have increasingly severe consequences as extreme heat becomes more frequent, water resources become less reliable, diseases move into new ranges, and sea levels rise. EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THE WORLD IS ALREADY LOCKED INTO ABOUT 1.5°C WARMING 1.5°C WARMING above pre-industrial times GLOBAL SEA LEVEL RISES DROUGHTS BECOME ALMOST 90% OF CORAL REEFS MORE THAN 30 CM BY 2100 MORE SEVERE AT RISK OF EXTINCTION IF WARMING CONTINUES UNABATED, IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES COULD BE TRIGGERED ON A LARGE SCALE Projected warming without concerted action: 2030s 1.5°C 2040s 2°C 2060s 3°C 2080s 4°C WHAT DIFFERENCE WILL A FEW DEGREES MAKE? UNUSUALLY HOT SUMMER MONTHS WILL BECOME MORE COMMON ACROSS MORE OF THE LAND EASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN MIDDLE EAST & 1.5°C 10% NORTH AFRICA 2°C 15% 1.5°C 30% 3°c so% 15°C 25% 2°C 40% 4°C 85% 2°c 30% 3°c 75% 4°C 99% 3°C 65% 4°C 90% Percentage of land affected in 2100 by heat considered highly unusual today. Ocean acidification, sea level rise, and Heat extremes and the melting of glaciers will have adverse effects on agriculture, water supplies and biodiversity in Latin temperature changes will affect coastal livelihoods and food and water security. America and the Caribbean. particularly in the Caribbean. GLACIER LOSS IN THE TROPICAL ANDES AFFECTS WATER GLACIER MELT SUPPLIES FOR 50 MILLION PEOPLE IN LOW-LANDS Melting initially increases water flow, creating risks of GLACIER ICE LOSS SEVERE STORMS flooding and landslides. As glaciers disappear, reduced water flow will affect farms, BY VOLUME 2°C 4°C forests, freshwater fisheries, energy and biodiversity. 80% 78% - 94% 91% - 100% INCREASE AMAZON DIEBACK 40% Amazon holds INCREASE 13% of the world's 2°C 4°C forests BIODIVERSITY in category 4-5 Atlantic hurricanes As temperatures rise, species will migrate and some will face extinction UP TO 50% DECLINE FISH STOCK 2°C IN CARIBBEAN FISH CATCH THE AMAZON RAINFOREST IS AT INCREASING RISK OF LARGE-SCALE DIEBACK. Corals are particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising water temperatures and ocean acidification Cut and decomposing trees release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere CORAL BLEACHING 2°C 60-80% PROBABILITY OF ANNUAL Y BLEACHING OF CORALS IN THE CARIBBEAN SEA MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA More than one-third of the population in the Middle East & North Africa works in agriculture, 1.5 MONTHS PER YEAR 3°C WITH MODERATE DROUGHT and 75% of its agricultural production is rain-fed. 00000.•.000• The region is highly vulnerable to temperature 6 MONTHS PER YEAR 4°C WITH MODERATE DROUGHT and precipitation changes and their DROUGHT consequences for food and water security. .0000•...••• Climate change is a threat multiplier. 2030s 2040s 2060s 2080s SEA LEVEL RISE 1,5 HEAT WAVE DAYS O TRIPOLI 13 22 33 59 1.5°C 2 CAIRO 32 53 80 94 AVERAGE PER YEAR MEDITERRANEAN 3 JERUSALEM 26 46 73 102 SEA LEVEL RISES O DAMASCUS 36 71 98 129 BETWEEN 0.2 METERS AND 9 BAGHDAD 47 90 113 162 0.5 METERS O RIYADH 81 132 202 157 A SEA LEVEL RISE OF 0.5 METERS 7 TEHRAN 92 122 159 WOULD RESULT IN 1.8 MILLION people affected by flooding in Morocco annual flood damage of OVER $50 BILLION in Alexandria ir flood defenses fail ADDITIONAL PEOPLE EXPOSED TO RISK OF MALARIA DISEASE 3°C | 20 - 34 MILLION 4°C 39 - 62 MILLION EASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA In Central Asia and the Balkans, water security is at risk as temperatures rise. Glaciers melting earlier in the season will shift the timing of water flows, affecting crop yields and raising the risk of drought in the Balkans, with consequences for urban health and energy generation. HOTTER WEATHER AND CHANGE IN RAINFALL CAN IMPACT HEALTH IN THE BALKANS FIRE DANGER Increase in heat-related + 3°C 50-60 FIRE DANGER 3°C DAYS PER YEAR IN THE BOREAL FOREST, DEATHS TO 1.000 PER MILLION -2.5°C By mid-century, even with warming below 2°C. A 10-DAY INCREASE Increased vulnerability to DENGUE AND CHIKUNGUNYA - 2°C METHANE FROM MELTING 4°C 60-80 FIRE DANGER DAYS PER YEAR PERMAFROST will increase 20-30% in Russia. Balkans become suitable for -1.5°C DENGUE-TRANSMITTING MOSQUITOES . 1°C METHANE IS 34X MORE O00 POWERFUL THAN CO, at trapping heat. GLACIER MELT 2°C GLACIER VOLUME LOSS ABOUT 50% Central Asia lost 35% OF GLACIER VOLUME BETWEEN 1901 - 2000 4°C | GLACIER VOLUME LOSS ABOUT 67% THIS DOESN'T HAVE TO BE THE FUTURE ЕТО ВЕ ТНЕ 5 WAYS GOVERNMENTS CAN TAKE ACTION NOW: PUT A ROBUST REMOVE FOSSIL ACCELERATE IMPLEMENT BUILD PRICE ON CARBON FUEL SUBSIDIES The richest 20% of ENERGY CLIMATE-SMART LOW-CARBON, A price on carbon EFFICIENCY & AGRICULTURE RESILIENT CITIES Climate-smart agriculture can help farmers build resilience to the effects of climate change, increase productivity, and reduce emissions. households capture 6x more benefit from fossil fuel subsidies creates incentives to RENEWABLE Public transportation invest in renewable ENERGY USE and energy efficient buildings can help National targets s and performance energy and low- carbon growth. About 40 countries than the poorest 20%. That money can instead be targeted to help the poor reduce emissions, while careful planning and infrastructure choices can help standards can help have or plan carbon increase investment markets or taxes. . and encourage innovation. populations adapt. TO LEARN MORE, GO TO: WWW.WORLDBANK.ORG/CLIMATE C THE WORLD BANK N NOWSOURCING Source: Turn Down the Heat: Confronting the New Climate Normal. Acknowledgements: PIK, PCC, IMF