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Ecological Footprint and Investment in Natural Capital

Asia and the Pacific ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND INVESTMENT IN NATURAL CAPITAL The Ecological Footprint of nations has grown steadily, doubling since 1966 as human populations and per-capita consumption have grown (WWF 2010a). Globally, the Ecological Footprint started exceeding available biocapacity the early 1970s. The main reason for this global "overshoot" is the increase in the carbon component of the Footprint. Changes in the Global Ecological Footprint of Human Consumption Over Time Relative to Global Biocapacity (data Global Footprint network) CARBON UPTAKE FOOTPRINT Calculated as the amount of forest land required to absorb CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels, land-use change and chemical processes, other than the portion absorbed by oceans GRAZING LAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area used to raise livestock for meat, dairy, hide and wool products FOREST FOOTPRINT Calculated from the amount of lumber, pulp, timber products and fuel wood consumed by a country each year 1961 1970 1980 1990 FISHING GROUNDS FOOTPRINT 2000 2008 Calculated from the estimated primary production required to support the fish and seafood caught, based on catch data for 1,439 different marine species and more than 268 freshwater species Showing per-person Ecological Footprint of People in Asia and the Pacific for 2008 (data Global Footprint network) CROPLAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area used to produce food and fibre for human consumption, feed for livestock, oil crops and rubber BUILT-UP LAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area of land covered by human infrastructure, including transportation, housing, industrial structures, and resevoirs for hydropower Ecological Footprint of People in Asia and the Pacific in 2008 (data Global Footprint network) 1-2 2-3 3-5 5-7 footprint gha footprint gha footprint gha per capíta footprint gha per capita per capita pеr capita footprint gha per capita Singapore PHILIPPINES MYANMAR Republic of Korea New Zealand Jаpan Malaysia PAPUA NEW REPUBLIC OF AUSTRALIA. SINGAPORE INDIA VIET NAM GUINEA THAILAND KOREA NEPAL PAKISTAN Mongolia DEMOCRATIC NEW ZEALAND MONGOLIA PEOPLE'S PRC BANGLADESH JAPAN REPUBLIC OF TIMOR-LESTE MALAYSIA KOREA World Papua New Guinea LAO PDR SRI LANKA CAMBODIA INDONESIA Thailand Indonesia Philippines Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Critical Large-Scale Ecosystems in Asia and the Pacific As Asia and the Pacific continues its rapid economic growth, a key challenge for the region is to find the green economy pathways that will support further improvements in human development, without dramatically increasing its Ecological Footprint. To do so, it will be important for nations to maintain natural capital in order to safeguard biocapacity and the continued flow of ecosystem services that underpin human welfare. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and any other information shown on the map do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries, colors, denominations, or information HEART OF BORNEO PEOPLE'S PAKISTAN Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia REPUBLIC OF CHINA • The largest contiguous forest area remaining in Southeast Asia (22 million ha) • 6% of the world's total biodiversity NEPAL 22 MILLION HA OF RAINFOREST - THE LARGEST CONTIGUOUS FOREST AREA REMAINING IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BHUTAN INDIA BANGLADESH • Average of 3 new species discovered per month LAO PDR MYANMAR • Vast range of ecosystem services including clean water and massive carbon stores VIET NAM PHILIPPINES THAILAND CAMBODIA LIVING HIMALAYAS BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal MALAYSIA • Fresh water for 1 billion people • More than 30% of all plants, reptiles and amphiblians are unique to the region PAPUA NEW GUINEA INDONESIA TIMOR- • Indian Himalayas store carbon roughly equal to total annual Asian GHG emissions from fossil fuels SOLOMON ISLANDS FRESH WATER SOURCE FOR GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION 1 BILLION T PEOPLE Cambodia, the PRC, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam CORAL TRIANGLE • More than 1,231 new species discovered since 1997 Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste • 120 million people depend directly on local marine and coastal resources • The largest inland fishery in the world • Livelihoods of 60 million • About 100 million hectares of forests • Annual international fisheries exports of around $3.8 billion • Home to 3,000 species of fish and 37% of all coral reef species • Globally significant forest carbon stocks LIVELIHOODS OF 60 MILLION A PEOPLE TOTAL VALUE OF INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXPORTS FROM CT COUNTRIES: • Home to six of the world's seven species of marine turtles DEPEND ON THE MEKONG RIVER • Greatest extent of mangroves in the world and 51 of the 70 world's mangrove species $3.8 BILLION Source: WWF & Asian Development Bank. (2012). Ecological Footprint and Investment in Natural Capital in Asia and the Pacific. ADB Asian Development Bank wWF FIGHTING POVERTY IN ASIAAND THE PACIFIC FACEBOOK.COM/ASIANDEVBANK Australia Ecological Footprint (global hectares per capita) Ecological Footprint (number of planet Earths) People's Republic of China Myanmar Asia Pacific Viet Nam Korea, DPR Lao PDR Cambodia India Bangladesh Timor-Leste Asia and the Pacific ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND INVESTMENT IN NATURAL CAPITAL The Ecological Footprint of nations has grown steadily, doubling since 1966 as human populations and per-capita consumption have grown (WWF 2010a). Globally, the Ecological Footprint started exceeding available biocapacity the early 1970s. The main reason for this global "overshoot" is the increase in the carbon component of the Footprint. Changes in the Global Ecological Footprint of Human Consumption Over Time Relative to Global Biocapacity (data Global Footprint network) CARBON UPTAKE FOOTPRINT Calculated as the amount of forest land required to absorb CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels, land-use change and chemical processes, other than the portion absorbed by oceans GRAZING LAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area used to raise livestock for meat, dairy, hide and wool products FOREST FOOTPRINT Calculated from the amount of lumber, pulp, timber products and fuel wood consumed by a country each year 1961 1970 1980 1990 FISHING GROUNDS FOOTPRINT 2000 2008 Calculated from the estimated primary production required to support the fish and seafood caught, based on catch data for 1,439 different marine species and more than 268 freshwater species Showing per-person Ecological Footprint of People in Asia and the Pacific for 2008 (data Global Footprint network) CROPLAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area used to produce food and fibre for human consumption, feed for livestock, oil crops and rubber BUILT-UP LAND FOOTPRINT Calculated from the area of land covered by human infrastructure, including transportation, housing, industrial structures, and resevoirs for hydropower Ecological Footprint of People in Asia and the Pacific in 2008 (data Global Footprint network) 1-2 2-3 3-5 5-7 footprint gha footprint gha footprint gha per capíta footprint gha per capita per capita pеr capita footprint gha per capita Singapore PHILIPPINES MYANMAR Republic of Korea New Zealand Jаpan Malaysia PAPUA NEW REPUBLIC OF AUSTRALIA. SINGAPORE INDIA VIET NAM GUINEA THAILAND KOREA NEPAL PAKISTAN Mongolia DEMOCRATIC NEW ZEALAND MONGOLIA PEOPLE'S PRC BANGLADESH JAPAN REPUBLIC OF TIMOR-LESTE MALAYSIA KOREA World Papua New Guinea LAO PDR SRI LANKA CAMBODIA INDONESIA Thailand Indonesia Philippines Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Critical Large-Scale Ecosystems in Asia and the Pacific As Asia and the Pacific continues its rapid economic growth, a key challenge for the region is to find the green economy pathways that will support further improvements in human development, without dramatically increasing its Ecological Footprint. To do so, it will be important for nations to maintain natural capital in order to safeguard biocapacity and the continued flow of ecosystem services that underpin human welfare. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and any other information shown on the map do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries, colors, denominations, or information HEART OF BORNEO PEOPLE'S PAKISTAN Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia REPUBLIC OF CHINA • The largest contiguous forest area remaining in Southeast Asia (22 million ha) • 6% of the world's total biodiversity NEPAL 22 MILLION HA OF RAINFOREST - THE LARGEST CONTIGUOUS FOREST AREA REMAINING IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BHUTAN INDIA BANGLADESH • Average of 3 new species discovered per month LAO PDR MYANMAR • Vast range of ecosystem services including clean water and massive carbon stores VIET NAM PHILIPPINES THAILAND CAMBODIA LIVING HIMALAYAS BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal MALAYSIA • Fresh water for 1 billion people • More than 30% of all plants, reptiles and amphiblians are unique to the region PAPUA NEW GUINEA INDONESIA TIMOR- • Indian Himalayas store carbon roughly equal to total annual Asian GHG emissions from fossil fuels SOLOMON ISLANDS FRESH WATER SOURCE FOR GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION 1 BILLION T PEOPLE Cambodia, the PRC, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam CORAL TRIANGLE • More than 1,231 new species discovered since 1997 Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste • 120 million people depend directly on local marine and coastal resources • The largest inland fishery in the world • Livelihoods of 60 million • About 100 million hectares of forests • Annual international fisheries exports of around $3.8 billion • Home to 3,000 species of fish and 37% of all coral reef species • Globally significant forest carbon stocks LIVELIHOODS OF 60 MILLION A PEOPLE TOTAL VALUE OF INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXPORTS FROM CT COUNTRIES: • Home to six of the world's seven species of marine turtles DEPEND ON THE MEKONG RIVER • Greatest extent of mangroves in the world and 51 of the 70 world's mangrove species $3.8 BILLION Source: WWF & Asian Development Bank. (2012). Ecological Footprint and Investment in Natural Capital in Asia and the Pacific. ADB Asian Development Bank wWF FIGHTING POVERTY IN ASIAAND THE PACIFIC FACEBOOK.COM/ASIANDEVBANK Australia Ecological Footprint (global hectares per capita) Ecological Footprint (number of planet Earths) People's Republic of China Myanmar Asia Pacific Viet Nam Korea, DPR Lao PDR Cambodia India Bangladesh Timor-Leste

Ecological Footprint and Investment in Natural Capital

shared by AsianDevelopmentBank on Oct 05
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See which countries have the largest and smallest ecological footprint in Asia. What can we do to protect our depleting ecosystem?

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