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Climate Change and Health in Africa

CLIMATE CHANGE AND HEALTH IN AFRICA CLIMATE CHANGE POSES IMMEDIATE AND LONG-TERM THREATS TO HUMAN HEALTH AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE GLOBE. THIS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE IN AFRICA, WHERE SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ALREADY CREATE SERIOUS HEALTH VULNERABILITIES FOR MANY COMMUNITIES. THIS IS THE STORY OF HOW CLIMATE CHANGE WILL IMPACT HEALTH THIS CENTURY CONTRIBUTES 30% | OF GDP 00 EMPLOYS CLIMATE & HEALTH 80% 70% Changes in temperature, humidity and rainfall are a likely consequence of climate change in Africa. Dry areas will become drier and wet areas wetter. Across Africa, some of the greatest impacts of climate change on health will centre on water-stress and OF POPULATION ARID LAND ENERGY RAIN-FED AGRICULTURE TWO THIRDS OF AFRICA IS ALREADY DESERT OR CONSIDERED ARID. 80 PERCENT OF ENERGY COMES FROM BIOMASS. LIVELIHOOD AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN AFRICA IS HEAVILY DEPENDENT ON RAIN-FED AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES. SO AFRICA IS PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE. BELOW ARE SOME OF THE LIKELY HEALTH RELATED IMPACTS WITHIN THIS CENTURY. under-nutrition YEAR APPROXIMATE TEMPERATURE INCREASE POPULATION FOOD WATER DISEASE 2010 +°C 800 MILLION 80% to 90% of all rural families produce their own food. TODAY (+1°C 350 million live in a water stressed environment | 2020 75-250 MILLION 50% Drop in some countries' yields from rain-fed agriculture under increased water stress Of maize land now Water scarcity displaces 24 -700 million people | 2030 1.3 BILLION 40% unable to support the crops 90 MILLION more people exposed to malaria | CONFLICTS FOR WATER | AND NATURAL RESOURCES ARE LIKELY TO INTENSIFY | 2040 (+2°C) The sea level rises between 20-50cm Substantial increases in childhood stunting due to malnutrition Malaria spreads in Ethiopia, Kenya and Burundi. 2050 Up to 600 million experience increased water stress 10 MILLION more children malnourished 2 BILLION 2060 +3°C Drought, crop failure, hunger all increase. 2.5 BILLION Clean 2070 drinking water is harder to find. 2080 By 2080 many coastal cities wil be flooded +4°C 5 to 8% increase of arid and semi-arid land 3 BILLION 150% ACIDITY INCREASE in oceans killing marine life 2090 Greater population means more smoke from fires, etc or pollutants created within households. This will harm human health. 40% 90% V Croplands shrink to nearly 90% (and food per person decreases by 15%) 15% 5-7% Less rainfall potential increase in malaria distribution 2100 4 BILLION VARIABILITY COMPLEX EMERGENCIES SHARED RIVERS Climate change will effect different parts of Africa in different ways. Some places will get wetter, others drier, and agricultural impacts vary around the continent. While temperature is set to increase, this will not be a uniform process across the continent. Complex emergencies can centre around demographic, environmental, economic and social Virtually all sub-Saharan African countries, and Egypt, share at least one international water basin. The Nile River Basin serves 11 countries. With increased populationa and decreased water levels, the possiblity for conflict is high. instabilities. Environmental disasters and climate change will effect other unstable aspects of Africa life in dangerous and unpredicatable ways. R® RESEARCH RESPONSES MORE INFORMATION For more information on climate change and health visit the following websites INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE This infographic simplifies a large quantity of data that is often derived from complex modelling and projections. There are many different scenarios for climate change in Africa. The data presented here is based on what UN and other agencies say about climate change, but for a fuller picture it is necessary to go to the documents quoted in the references below. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) aims to prevent these problems. In 2008 a World Health Assembly Resolution recognised climate change as a high priority. There are now National Adaptation Programmes of Action in many African countries. More action by governments, their international partners, and civil society is still needed. (http://www.ipcc.ch) THE WORLD BANK (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/climatechange) UNEP (http://www.unep.org/climatechange/) References: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/06/19/what-climate-change-means-africa-asia-coastal-poor http://siteresources.worldbank.org/NTAFRICA/Resources/ClimateChange-StrategyReport2010-Full_vNolmages.pdf http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/PCC. 2007. Fourth Assessment Report. The Psychology of Climate Change Communication. Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions. http://guide.cred.columbia.edu/guide/sec1.html "Conference on Water Scarcity in Africa: Issues and Challenges". Retrieved 18 March 2013. LUSHOMO WWW.LUSHOMO.NET TEMP INCREASE POPULATION INCREASE

Climate Change and Health in Africa

shared by lushomo on Jun 26
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Lushomo is working with World Health Organisation to help communicate issues relating to climate change and health. It's a tricky business, because the information is complex and our target audiences ...

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