Transcribed
PAKISTAN : Summary analysis of material flows and materials intensity indicators
4.7 Pakistan 15(a) 15(b) Domestic Material Consumption / Capita DMC / GDP (kg / SUS Year 2000 exchange based) 14.0 14.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 10.0 8.0 8.0 Pakistan Asia-Pacific World Rest of World 6.0 6.0 4.0 4.0 dheeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeee 2.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 1970 1980 1990 2000 1970 1980 1990 2000 15(c) 15(d) Domestic Material Consumption / Capita Physical Trade Balance / Capita 6.0 0.3 Biomass IFossil fuels 0.2 5.0 Metal ores and industrial minerals IConstruction minerals 0.2 4.0 0.1 3.0 0.1 2.0 - 0.0 1.0 - -0.1 -0.1 0.0 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Figure 15 Summary analysis of material flows and materials intensity indicators for Pakistan Tonnes / Capita Tonnes/Capita Tonnes/Capita
PAKISTAN : Summary analysis of material flows and materials intensity indicators
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Pakistan is an HDD country. Figure 15 (a) shows relatively subdued growth in DMC per capita, the
lowest of the seven HDD countries examined in closer detail, with a compounding rate of just under
1% p...
.a. between 1970 and 2008. This low rate of growth on a per capita basis did not translate to
a low total increase in DMC however, due to the county’s rapid population growth. Total DMC grew
at 3.7% p.a. Pakistan retains the highest dependency on biomass of the ten countries examined
here, however the transition from biomass based to minerals based economy is proceeding to some
extent, with the share of biomass decreasing from 79% of DMC in 1970 to 64% in 2008. The
slow rate at which construction minerals DMC per capita has grown contrasts with the other HDD
countries examined, and suggests a much lower emphasis on investment in major infrastructure.
Similarly, the very low DMC for metal ores indicates only very limited and slow industrialization.
Pakistan is reliant on increasing imports of fossil fuels for over 40% of its fossil energy DMC, however
the ratio of PTB and DMC was roughly the same in 1970, 1990, and 2008, indicating that Pakistan
has managed to increase its extraction of fossil fuels roughly in proportion to total demand, avoiding
a deterioration in its level of self sufficiency in this category.
Pakistan’s MI decreased steadily from 1970 to 1996 at a rate of 1.6% p.a. compounding, then
remained almost static through to 2008, at roughly twice the regional and four times the World
average MI for that year.
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