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Auschwitz-Birkenau

Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz was constructed in 1940 as a concentration camp for polish political prisoners. However, by 1942 it had transformed into the largest of the extermination camps. Until this point, Jewish prisoners constituted a relatively small portion of the total prisoner population at the camp. Although it is difficult to obtain exact figures of the individuals who passed through the gates at Auschwitz, approximately 20% of the Jews who died during WWII died at Auschwitz. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAMP: The timeline below shows the total number of registered male and female prisoners (of all ethnicities) in the camp from 1940 to 1945. The orange line shows the total number of prisoners in the camp each year. 152,000 Between 1940 and 1945, at least 1,313,000 registered and unregistered prisoners were deported to Auschwitz. Jews 1,100,000 Male prisoners 114,500 Female prisoners Poles 150,000 89,500 96,000 Gypsies 23,000 Soviet POWS 15,000 67,500 61,500 56,000 Other 25,000 47,000 26,500 28,000 8,000 26,500 11,000 9,000 18,000 1 2,000 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Oct. 7 Мay 20 Auschwitz I opens. Sept. 3 The first gassings of prisoners occur in Auschwitz I. The SS tests Zyklon B gas by killing 600 Soviet POWS and 250 other ill or weak prisoners. Members of the Jewish prisoner Sonderkommando stage an uprising. The SS suppresses the revolt and kills all the Sonderkommando members. Jan. 20 At the Wannsee Conference, SS officials decide upon the terms of the final solution. At this meeting Auschwitz's purpose changes from labor camp to death camp. Sept. 9 A special family camp is set up for 5,000 Jews deported from Bohemia & Moravia as a propoganda ploy to dispel reports of horrific conditions at ghettos and deportations to extermination camps. Oct. 9 Jan. 27 Construction of Auschwitz- Soviet troops liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners in the camp. Birkenau (Auschwitz II) begins. Primary function of the camp: tabor Camp Extermination Camp The map below depicts the major deportation routes to Auschwitz. The country borders shown are international borders at the height of Axis domination (1942). The numbers within the orange arrows correspond to the number of Jews deported to Auschwitz from major countries in Europe. MAJOR ROUTES TO AUSCHWITZ Ghetto - Concentration camp Extermination camp Auschwitz Major deportation route Neutral or Allied territories German Reich and occupied territories German-allied or dependent state 100 200 300 400 s00 km 100 200 300 mi POLAND Treblinka Bergen-Belsen Chelmno GERMANY 23,000 HOLLAND Sobibór Majdanek * 60,000 BELGIUM Buchenwald Belec 25,000 Auschwitz 46,000 69,000 BOHEMIA & MORAVIA 27,000 Dachau HUNGARY SLOVAKIA FRANCE 10,000 YUGOSLAVIA 7,500 GREECE, ITALY THE TRAGEDY IN CONTEXT: The numbers below put the death toll at Auschwitz-Birkenau in context with death tolls associated with other historical disasters. 4.8x 7.8x 369x 599x 1,100,000 = The number of pecople who died after the 2004 tsunami in the The number of people who died in Hiroshima as a result of the 1945 atomic bombing. The number of people who died as a result of the 9/11 bombing of New York City. The number of people who died in as a result of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. people were murdered at Auschwitz. Indian Ocean. Graphic by Adrienne Wollman SOURCES: www.hdot.org, www.ushmm.org, www.en.auschwitz.org, Auschwitz: Central Issues in the History of the Camp by Franciszek Piper 438,000 55,000 Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz was constructed in 1940 as a concentration camp for polish political prisoners. However, by 1942 it had transformed into the largest of the extermination camps. Until this point, Jewish prisoners constituted a relatively small portion of the total prisoner population at the camp. Although it is difficult to obtain exact figures of the individuals who passed through the gates at Auschwitz, approximately 20% of the Jews who died during WWII died at Auschwitz. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAMP: The timeline below shows the total number of registered male and female prisoners (of all ethnicities) in the camp from 1940 to 1945. The orange line shows the total number of prisoners in the camp each year. 152,000 Between 1940 and 1945, at least 1,313,000 registered and unregistered prisoners were deported to Auschwitz. Jews 1,100,000 Male prisoners 114,500 Female prisoners Poles 150,000 89,500 96,000 Gypsies 23,000 Soviet POWS 15,000 67,500 61,500 56,000 Other 25,000 47,000 26,500 28,000 8,000 26,500 11,000 9,000 18,000 1 2,000 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Oct. 7 Мay 20 Auschwitz I opens. Sept. 3 The first gassings of prisoners occur in Auschwitz I. The SS tests Zyklon B gas by killing 600 Soviet POWS and 250 other ill or weak prisoners. Members of the Jewish prisoner Sonderkommando stage an uprising. The SS suppresses the revolt and kills all the Sonderkommando members. Jan. 20 At the Wannsee Conference, SS officials decide upon the terms of the final solution. At this meeting Auschwitz's purpose changes from labor camp to death camp. Sept. 9 A special family camp is set up for 5,000 Jews deported from Bohemia & Moravia as a propoganda ploy to dispel reports of horrific conditions at ghettos and deportations to extermination camps. Oct. 9 Jan. 27 Construction of Auschwitz- Soviet troops liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners in the camp. Birkenau (Auschwitz II) begins. Primary function of the camp: tabor Camp Extermination Camp The map below depicts the major deportation routes to Auschwitz. The country borders shown are international borders at the height of Axis domination (1942). The numbers within the orange arrows correspond to the number of Jews deported to Auschwitz from major countries in Europe. MAJOR ROUTES TO AUSCHWITZ Ghetto - Concentration camp Extermination camp Auschwitz Major deportation route Neutral or Allied territories German Reich and occupied territories German-allied or dependent state 100 200 300 400 s00 km 100 200 300 mi POLAND Treblinka Bergen-Belsen Chelmno GERMANY 23,000 HOLLAND Sobibór Majdanek * 60,000 BELGIUM Buchenwald Belec 25,000 Auschwitz 46,000 69,000 BOHEMIA & MORAVIA 27,000 Dachau HUNGARY SLOVAKIA FRANCE 10,000 YUGOSLAVIA 7,500 GREECE, ITALY THE TRAGEDY IN CONTEXT: The numbers below put the death toll at Auschwitz-Birkenau in context with death tolls associated with other historical disasters. 4.8x 7.8x 369x 599x 1,100,000 = The number of pecople who died after the 2004 tsunami in the The number of people who died in Hiroshima as a result of the 1945 atomic bombing. The number of people who died as a result of the 9/11 bombing of New York City. The number of people who died in as a result of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. people were murdered at Auschwitz. Indian Ocean. Graphic by Adrienne Wollman SOURCES: www.hdot.org, www.ushmm.org, www.en.auschwitz.org, Auschwitz: Central Issues in the History of the Camp by Franciszek Piper 438,000 55,000 Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz was constructed in 1940 as a concentration camp for polish political prisoners. However, by 1942 it had transformed into the largest of the extermination camps. Until this point, Jewish prisoners constituted a relatively small portion of the total prisoner population at the camp. Although it is difficult to obtain exact figures of the individuals who passed through the gates at Auschwitz, approximately 20% of the Jews who died during WWII died at Auschwitz. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAMP: The timeline below shows the total number of registered male and female prisoners (of all ethnicities) in the camp from 1940 to 1945. The orange line shows the total number of prisoners in the camp each year. 152,000 Between 1940 and 1945, at least 1,313,000 registered and unregistered prisoners were deported to Auschwitz. Jews 1,100,000 Male prisoners 114,500 Female prisoners Poles 150,000 89,500 96,000 Gypsies 23,000 Soviet POWS 15,000 67,500 61,500 56,000 Other 25,000 47,000 26,500 28,000 8,000 26,500 11,000 9,000 18,000 1 2,000 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Oct. 7 Мay 20 Auschwitz I opens. Sept. 3 The first gassings of prisoners occur in Auschwitz I. The SS tests Zyklon B gas by killing 600 Soviet POWS and 250 other ill or weak prisoners. Members of the Jewish prisoner Sonderkommando stage an uprising. The SS suppresses the revolt and kills all the Sonderkommando members. Jan. 20 At the Wannsee Conference, SS officials decide upon the terms of the final solution. At this meeting Auschwitz's purpose changes from labor camp to death camp. Sept. 9 A special family camp is set up for 5,000 Jews deported from Bohemia & Moravia as a propoganda ploy to dispel reports of horrific conditions at ghettos and deportations to extermination camps. Oct. 9 Jan. 27 Construction of Auschwitz- Soviet troops liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners in the camp. Birkenau (Auschwitz II) begins. Primary function of the camp: tabor Camp Extermination Camp The map below depicts the major deportation routes to Auschwitz. The country borders shown are international borders at the height of Axis domination (1942). The numbers within the orange arrows correspond to the number of Jews deported to Auschwitz from major countries in Europe. MAJOR ROUTES TO AUSCHWITZ Ghetto - Concentration camp Extermination camp Auschwitz Major deportation route Neutral or Allied territories German Reich and occupied territories German-allied or dependent state 100 200 300 400 s00 km 100 200 300 mi POLAND Treblinka Bergen-Belsen Chelmno GERMANY 23,000 HOLLAND Sobibór Majdanek * 60,000 BELGIUM Buchenwald Belec 25,000 Auschwitz 46,000 69,000 BOHEMIA & MORAVIA 27,000 Dachau HUNGARY SLOVAKIA FRANCE 10,000 YUGOSLAVIA 7,500 GREECE, ITALY THE TRAGEDY IN CONTEXT: The numbers below put the death toll at Auschwitz-Birkenau in context with death tolls associated with other historical disasters. 4.8x 7.8x 369x 599x 1,100,000 = The number of pecople who died after the 2004 tsunami in the The number of people who died in Hiroshima as a result of the 1945 atomic bombing. The number of people who died as a result of the 9/11 bombing of New York City. The number of people who died in as a result of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. people were murdered at Auschwitz. Indian Ocean. Graphic by Adrienne Wollman SOURCES: www.hdot.org, www.ushmm.org, www.en.auschwitz.org, Auschwitz: Central Issues in the History of the Camp by Franciszek Piper 438,000 55,000 Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz was constructed in 1940 as a concentration camp for polish political prisoners. However, by 1942 it had transformed into the largest of the extermination camps. Until this point, Jewish prisoners constituted a relatively small portion of the total prisoner population at the camp. Although it is difficult to obtain exact figures of the individuals who passed through the gates at Auschwitz, approximately 20% of the Jews who died during WWII died at Auschwitz. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAMP: The timeline below shows the total number of registered male and female prisoners (of all ethnicities) in the camp from 1940 to 1945. The orange line shows the total number of prisoners in the camp each year. 152,000 Between 1940 and 1945, at least 1,313,000 registered and unregistered prisoners were deported to Auschwitz. Jews 1,100,000 Male prisoners 114,500 Female prisoners Poles 150,000 89,500 96,000 Gypsies 23,000 Soviet POWS 15,000 67,500 61,500 56,000 Other 25,000 47,000 26,500 28,000 8,000 26,500 11,000 9,000 18,000 1 2,000 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Oct. 7 Мay 20 Auschwitz I opens. Sept. 3 The first gassings of prisoners occur in Auschwitz I. The SS tests Zyklon B gas by killing 600 Soviet POWS and 250 other ill or weak prisoners. Members of the Jewish prisoner Sonderkommando stage an uprising. The SS suppresses the revolt and kills all the Sonderkommando members. Jan. 20 At the Wannsee Conference, SS officials decide upon the terms of the final solution. At this meeting Auschwitz's purpose changes from labor camp to death camp. Sept. 9 A special family camp is set up for 5,000 Jews deported from Bohemia & Moravia as a propoganda ploy to dispel reports of horrific conditions at ghettos and deportations to extermination camps. Oct. 9 Jan. 27 Construction of Auschwitz- Soviet troops liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners in the camp. Birkenau (Auschwitz II) begins. Primary function of the camp: tabor Camp Extermination Camp The map below depicts the major deportation routes to Auschwitz. The country borders shown are international borders at the height of Axis domination (1942). The numbers within the orange arrows correspond to the number of Jews deported to Auschwitz from major countries in Europe. MAJOR ROUTES TO AUSCHWITZ Ghetto - Concentration camp Extermination camp Auschwitz Major deportation route Neutral or Allied territories German Reich and occupied territories German-allied or dependent state 100 200 300 400 s00 km 100 200 300 mi POLAND Treblinka Bergen-Belsen Chelmno GERMANY 23,000 HOLLAND Sobibór Majdanek * 60,000 BELGIUM Buchenwald Belec 25,000 Auschwitz 46,000 69,000 BOHEMIA & MORAVIA 27,000 Dachau HUNGARY SLOVAKIA FRANCE 10,000 YUGOSLAVIA 7,500 GREECE, ITALY THE TRAGEDY IN CONTEXT: The numbers below put the death toll at Auschwitz-Birkenau in context with death tolls associated with other historical disasters. 4.8x 7.8x 369x 599x 1,100,000 = The number of pecople who died after the 2004 tsunami in the The number of people who died in Hiroshima as a result of the 1945 atomic bombing. The number of people who died as a result of the 9/11 bombing of New York City. The number of people who died in as a result of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. people were murdered at Auschwitz. Indian Ocean. Graphic by Adrienne Wollman SOURCES: www.hdot.org, www.ushmm.org, www.en.auschwitz.org, Auschwitz: Central Issues in the History of the Camp by Franciszek Piper 438,000 55,000 Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz was constructed in 1940 as a concentration camp for polish political prisoners. However, by 1942 it had transformed into the largest of the extermination camps. Until this point, Jewish prisoners constituted a relatively small portion of the total prisoner population at the camp. Although it is difficult to obtain exact figures of the individuals who passed through the gates at Auschwitz, approximately 20% of the Jews who died during WWII died at Auschwitz. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CAMP: The timeline below shows the total number of registered male and female prisoners (of all ethnicities) in the camp from 1940 to 1945. The orange line shows the total number of prisoners in the camp each year. 152,000 Between 1940 and 1945, at least 1,313,000 registered and unregistered prisoners were deported to Auschwitz. Jews 1,100,000 Male prisoners 114,500 Female prisoners Poles 150,000 89,500 96,000 Gypsies 23,000 Soviet POWS 15,000 67,500 61,500 56,000 Other 25,000 47,000 26,500 28,000 8,000 26,500 11,000 9,000 18,000 1 2,000 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Oct. 7 Мay 20 Auschwitz I opens. Sept. 3 The first gassings of prisoners occur in Auschwitz I. The SS tests Zyklon B gas by killing 600 Soviet POWS and 250 other ill or weak prisoners. Members of the Jewish prisoner Sonderkommando stage an uprising. The SS suppresses the revolt and kills all the Sonderkommando members. Jan. 20 At the Wannsee Conference, SS officials decide upon the terms of the final solution. At this meeting Auschwitz's purpose changes from labor camp to death camp. Sept. 9 A special family camp is set up for 5,000 Jews deported from Bohemia & Moravia as a propoganda ploy to dispel reports of horrific conditions at ghettos and deportations to extermination camps. Oct. 9 Jan. 27 Construction of Auschwitz- Soviet troops liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners in the camp. Birkenau (Auschwitz II) begins. Primary function of the camp: tabor Camp Extermination Camp The map below depicts the major deportation routes to Auschwitz. The country borders shown are international borders at the height of Axis domination (1942). The numbers within the orange arrows correspond to the number of Jews deported to Auschwitz from major countries in Europe. MAJOR ROUTES TO AUSCHWITZ Ghetto - Concentration camp Extermination camp Auschwitz Major deportation route Neutral or Allied territories German Reich and occupied territories German-allied or dependent state 100 200 300 400 s00 km 100 200 300 mi POLAND Treblinka Bergen-Belsen Chelmno GERMANY 23,000 HOLLAND Sobibór Majdanek * 60,000 BELGIUM Buchenwald Belec 25,000 Auschwitz 46,000 69,000 BOHEMIA & MORAVIA 27,000 Dachau HUNGARY SLOVAKIA FRANCE 10,000 YUGOSLAVIA 7,500 GREECE, ITALY THE TRAGEDY IN CONTEXT: The numbers below put the death toll at Auschwitz-Birkenau in context with death tolls associated with other historical disasters. 4.8x 7.8x 369x 599x 1,100,000 = The number of pecople who died after the 2004 tsunami in the The number of people who died in Hiroshima as a result of the 1945 atomic bombing. The number of people who died as a result of the 9/11 bombing of New York City. The number of people who died in as a result of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. people were murdered at Auschwitz. Indian Ocean. Graphic by Adrienne Wollman SOURCES: www.hdot.org, www.ushmm.org, www.en.auschwitz.org, Auschwitz: Central Issues in the History of the Camp by Franciszek Piper 438,000 55,000

Auschwitz-Birkenau

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A graphic about the extermination camp Auschwitz and the paths that led there.

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