Science Of Spanking

THE SCIENCE OF SPARE THE ROD, CORPORAL PUNISHMENT SPOIL THE CHILD? CP Corporal punishment (CP) has long been an accepted form of parental disciplinary action, but spanking may quickly become a thing of the past if parents and caregivers kept in mind the results of scientific research. After analyzing four decades worth of research, 100 studies are in agreement that though spanking may temporarily correct behavioural issues, it is not more productive than less violent forms of discipline. SPANKING IS A FORM OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT INTENDED TO MODIFY BEHAVIOR USUALLY DEFINED AS A PHYSICALLY NON-INJURIOUS WE KNOW THAT SOME HIT ADMINISTERED WITH AN OPEN BELIEVE SPANKING IS HAND TO THE BUTTOCKS. APPROPRIATE Corporal punishment is the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control of the child's behavior. - The National Library of Medicine Where do these beliefs come from? IDEOLOGICAL BELIEFS "SPARE THE ROD AND SPOIL THE CHILD" came from the 17th-century satirical poem "Hudibras" THE SAYING: by Samuel Butler Proponents of this popular belief interpret it to mean that children should be physically punished for bad behavior in order to become well-mannered adults. FAMILY UPBRINGING "I WAS SPANKED AS A CHILD AND All children are different, including you and your P I TURNED OUT JUST FINE!" THE IDEA: own child PEER PRESSURE SOCIETAL NORMS THE FEARS: from family or others SEEMING LIKE A "WEAK" PARENT P CORPORAL PUNISHMENT IN SCHOOLS The line between spanking and child abuse is not always clear. The definitions of age, size, condition of child and severity of force can be vague and subjective disciplinary action 31 19 U.S. STATES U.S. STATES have banned corporal punishment in schools still allow corporal punishment 72% OF AMERICANS SAY SPANKING BY GRADE-SCHOOL TEACHERS SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED according to a 2002 ABC News poll Legal definitions of corporal punishment in the U.S. vary from state to state with regards to "appropriate," "moderate" and "necessary" force Unfortunately, a consensus on where to draw the line on accepted corporal punishment and dangerous physical abuse is absent in the U.S. WHAT DO PARENTS SAY ABOUT SPANKING? In a 2013 survey of 2,286 adults: Is it appropriate for parents to "spank" their children? Were the parents spanked as a child? What percentage of parents say they have ever spanked their child? 1995 2013 81 19 86 80% 67% Yes, sometimes Never appropriate Yes, was spanked as a child WALKING THE GREY LINE: PHYSICAL DISCIPLINE PHYSICAL ABUSE VS "Refers to any system of teaching and care-giving that allows children to become competent and self-controlled through their journey of life." "Characterized by the infliction of physical injury as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, shaking, or otherwise harming a child." According to The American Academy of Pediatrics According to the National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information "You want to be calm, in control, and focused. "There is good evidence individuals who use physical A parent who embraces corporal punishment is not an angry, discipline are more likely to actually end up using physical abuse insensitive person with a big club and a vicious agenda." or getting to the point where there's physical abuse." Chip Ingram Stacy Drury, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University Focus on the Family DOES CORPORAL PUNISHMENT WORK? In 2012, Elizabeth Thompson Gershoff conducted meta-analyses on STUDIES ON CORPORAL PUNISHMENT The analyses included more than 36,000 88 Individuals and These are some Con pro Short-term positive effects of the findings Short-term negative effects Findings suggested that childhood non-abusive corporal punishment is associated with Studies / Increased aggressive e Immediate compliance with the parent's request delinquent behavior in children Poorer relationships between parent and children Mental health issues in children Increased physical abuse of children Con Long-term negative effects Findings suggested that childhood non-abusive corporal punishment can lead to a higher likelihood of similar behaviors later in life pro Long-term positive effects V Adult aggression criminal behavior X. Can't find any Deireased adult mentat health depression and anxiety drug dependency Increased risK of spousal abuse or child abuse as an aduit By 2014, 40 NATIONS AROUND THE WORLD HAVE ABOLISHED THE CAREGIVER OR PARENT'S RIGHT TO USE PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT ON CHILDREN. UNICEF - the Convention on the Rights of the Child / Article 19 CHILDREN HAVE THE RIGHT TO BE PROTECTED FROM BEING HURT AND MISTREATED, PHYSICALLY OR MENTALLY ..most countries' laws already define what sorts of punishments are considered excessive or abusive. In terms of discipline, the Convention does not specify what forms of punishment parents should use THE U.S. AND CANADA ARE NOT ON THE LIST However, any form of discipline involving violence is unacceptable Although, Canada has set strict guidelines for CP in the home In Canada, corporal punishment is banned for children -2- 12 In the U.S., the spanking of children by a under the age of over t e of parent or legal guardian is legal in all states Each state has different laws on permitted CP, but laws typically allow "non-excessive" No degrading, inhuman or harmful conduct measures to be taken No discipline using objects No slaps/blows to the head of any kind DOES CORPORAL PUNISHMENT WORK? PRO CORPORAL PUNISHMENT ANTI CORPORAL PUNISHMENT PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT • to change negative behavior in a short-term setting • to resort to physical violence to solve problems MAY TEACH • when coupled with other disciplinary methods • to focus on feelings of anger and revenge, CHILDREN (e.g., reasoning and time-out) not on logical ways of solving negative behaviors Only when loving parents/guardians explain the reasoning • may weaken the parent/child bond and breach trust behind spanking, can it can effectively shape children's behavior • can escalate into more frequent and dangerous forms of punishment if the desired goal of the punishment is not met • is sometimes coupled with verbal abuse that can also leave long-lasting emotional scars HOW TO CHANGE UNDESIRED BEHAVIOR WITH HEALTHY DISCIPLINARY ACTION ALTHOUGH 93% OF PARENTS JUSTIFY SPANKING, 85% SAY THAT THEY WOULD RATHER NOT SPANK if they had an alternative in which they believed SO, HERE ARE SOME ALTERNATIVES YOU CAN BELIEVE IN Removing privileges Positive reinforcement Establishing healthy rules and boundaries Time-outs Verbal reasoning of good behaviors Put favorite toys in "time-out Child must understand concept of "waiting'and "quiet" before Stay calm but firm when giving Identify positive behavior and Provide clear expectations and instruction/discipline reinforce desired behaviors goals for behavior utilizing time-out as a Utilize "grounding' techniques, with praise disciplinary action -e.g., Involve child in decision Make sure the child fully making to help improve moral judgement Implement "special time" where positive attention from a parent or caregiver is integrated into the child's daily routine understands what is expected Expect the child to stay in the loss of electronic devices of their behavior, as well as the time-out period no more than for an evening consequences for breaking one minute per year of age Give the child a choice, e.g. rules/limits "You may sit on the couch or jump outside in the yard." loss of social privileges Explain before and after the time out what appropriate behaviors are Remove all positive parental attention during time-out period Communication is the base of a healthy parent/child relationship Don't use a BEHAVIORAL BAND-AID -teach your children responsibility. Sources http://bit.ly/spank_1 - ABC News http://bit.ly/spank_2 - Arms of Love family fellowship presented by: http://bit.ly/spank_3 - Journaf of clinical child and adolescent psychology http://bit.ly/spank_4 - Psychological Bulletin (Vol 128, no 4, 2002) MSTSERVICES.COM http://bit.ly/spank_5 - Can Child Adolesc Psychiatr Rev. Feb 2003 http://bit.ly/spank_6 - American Academy of Pediatrics http://bit.ly/spank_7 - Gundersen national child protection training center http://bit.ly/spank_8 - University of New Hampshire Helping children and families live productive lives. http://bit.ly/spank_9 - Child Trends http://bit.ly/spank_10 - The National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners DEVELOPED BY http://bit.ly/spank_11 - The Ohio State University N NOWSOURCING http://bit.ly/spank_12 - Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children, April 2014 http://bit.ly/spank_13 - HealthDay News http://bit.ly/spank_14 - American Academy of Pediatrics http://bit.ly/spank_15 - Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children, May 2014 http://bit.ly/spank_16 - Parenting-Journals.com