How did measles make a comeback?

MEASLES HOW TO STOP THE OUTBREAK LEE In the first 4 months of 2019, there were 764 CASES OF MEASLES ACROSS 23 STATES THAT'S MORE CASES THAN ANY YEAR SINCE 1994 How Did We Get Here? A BRIEF HISTORY OF MEASLES In 1657, measles was first documented in Boston By the 1960s, up to 4 million people were infected in the U.S. each year 1965 1971 2000 The inactivated measles vaccine was withdrawn from use. Not only did the vaccine fail to prevent measles, it made it worse MMR vaccine introduced, protecting against measles, mumps, and rubella. Just as effective as individual vaccines with no additional side effects Measles was eliminated in the U.S. through widespread vaccination x2 1963 1968 1989 2005 Two doses of mMR required for all school-aged children. With 2 doses, mmR is 97% effective against measles The first measles vaccines were licensed for use in the U.S. Edmonston-Enders, an even weaker strain, was introduced. It offered Combined vaccine for mMR and chickenpox becomes available for children Edmonston-B: used a weakened strain of the virus 19 MILLION DOSES would be administered over the next 12 years protection from measles, with fewer side effects Herd immunity only protects a population if the majority is uaccinated - Without adequate vaccine coverage to stop the spread, MEASLES COULD BECOME ENDEMIC IN Inactivated: used a killed form of the uirus 900,000 PEOPLE received the vaccine over the next 5 years THE U.S. ONCE AGAIN Is Measles Making A RESURGENCE? 2019 Measles Outbreaks* *most recent data available, as of 5/8/19 In 2018, there were 372 confirmed cases, mostly affected Jewish communities in New York and New Jersey – This outbreak continued into 2019 NEW YORK CITY CALIFORNIA 466 Confirmed 140 Confirmed cases cases ROCKLAND COUNTY, NEW YORK OCEAN CITY, NEW JERSEY 215 cases 114 cases Confirmed Confirmed CLARK COUNTY, WASHINGTON GEORGIA 72 16 Confirmed Confirmed cases cases MICHIGAN Maryland |43 |4 Confirmed Confirmed cases cases In May 2019, 318 people were quarantined on a Scientology cruise ship in Curacao, after a crew member was diagnosed with measles - ONLY 41 WERE PREUIOUSLY VACCINATED Is Measles Really Eliminated? Elimination means measles is no longer constantly present in the U.S. - BUT TRAVELERS may still bring the disease into the country The disease is EASILY SPREAD in unvaccinated communities SO FAR, ALL 2019 OUTBREAKS BEGAN WITH INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS WHO BROUGHT MEASLES FROM OTHER COUNTRIES Uaccine Hesitancy: PUBLIC HEALTH THREAT In 2019, the World Health Organization warned that RELUCTANCE OR REFUSAL TO VACCINATE HAS ALREADY CONTRIBUTED TO THE RESURGENCE of measles worldwide New York City ordered all residents* to receive the vaccine or PAY A $1,000 FINE Rockland County began offering FREE mMR VACCINES to all residents New York officials BANNED UNVACCINATED CHILDREN from public spaces 21,284 doses administered 18,000 doses administered Ban was overturned, as the outbreak wasn't severe enough to justify it *except those already immune, or unable to vaccinate due to health CALLS FOR CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY "With public health on the line... we urge you to do your part to ensure that users have access "Pediatricians are working in our clinics and our communities, talking with families one-on-one about how important vaccines are to protect their children's health. But it's no longer enough." "The source of this trend is the degree to which medically inaccurate information about vaccines surface on the websites where many Americans get their information." to scientifically valid information... so they can make informed decisions." Kyle E. Yasuda MD, FAAP, American Academy of Pediatrics President Representative Adam Schiff (D-CA) American Medical Association Open letter to AMAZON, FACEBOOK, Letter to Letter to FACEBOOK FACEBOOK, GOOGLE, & PINTEREST & GOOGLE GOOGLE, PINTEREST, TWITTER, & YOUTUBE INTERNET AND SOCIAL MEDIA COMPANIES RESPOND Major platforms have begun addressing the issue by la 3 REDUCING AUTOMATIC RECOMMENDATIONS of anti-uaccine content CHANGING ADUERTISING POLICIES to ban harmful misinformation RANKING scientific information before anti-vaxx content in search results amazon FACEBOOK YOUTUBE PINTEREST AMAZON Replaced search results related to vaccines with an Removed some controversial content, but failed to create Promised to take action against verified* vaccine hoaxes Added a warning about "uaccine hesitancy"to all anti-vaxx videos error message *confirmed by US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) safeguards "Pins about this topic often violate our community guidelines, so we're currently unable to show search results" Addressing the problem at home isn't enough –TO TRULY RID OURSELUES OF MEASLES, THE DISEASE MUST BE ELIMINATED WORLDWIDE Make Sure You Are PROTECTED Today, most of those contracting measles were never vaccinated More than 9 in 10 of those born before 1957 have natural immunity. BUT A BOOSTER SHOT CAN NEVER HURT You Might Need A Booster If You ! Received the inactivated vaccine 1x Only received one dose of vaccine A BLOOD TEST -or titer- will show if you're already immune Plan to visit an area with endemic measles Are unsure of your vaccination status to measles BIRTH YEAR IMMUNE STATUS WHAT YOU SHOULD DO You likely have developed natural immunity Before 1957 Most do not need the vaccine but if you are living or traveling in a risk area or a healthcare worker, you should get a titer test or a booster Get a titer test You may have received the inactivated vaccine Early 1960s or booster Get a titer test You may have received only one dose Before 1989 or booster If you're unuaccinated but have been exposed to measles, there's still time to act THE UACCINE MAY STILL BE EFFECTIUE WITHIN 3 DAYS OF EXPOSURE DON'T LET MISINFORMATION LEAVE YOU VULNERABLE BE SURE YOU ARE PROTECTED FROM MEASLES SOURCES dph.georgia.gou/me cdc.ğou/measles/about histöryofuaccines.org/timeline youtube.com/watch?u=BGR45UU-Lfl immunize.org/askexperts/experts mmr.asp ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/artin cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/meas.html cdc.ğou/uaccines/upd/mmr/public/index.html statě.nj.us/health/cd/topics/measles.shtml#4 cdc.goú/measles/cases-outbreaks.html#outbreaksS oug.öx.ac.uk/news/herd-immunity-how-does-it-work nyč.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/measles.page who.int/emergencies/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019 rocklandgov.com/departments/health/measles-information merckvačcines.com/products/mmr/vaccine-storage-handling phpa.health.maryland.gou/0IDEOR/immun/Pages/Measles.aspx ama-assn.org/system/files/2019-03/madara-vaccination-letter.pdf cdph.ca.gou/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/measles.aspx doh.wa.gou/YouandYourFamily/IllnessandDisease/Measles/MeaslesOutbreak michigan.gou/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-73971 4911 4914 68359-492981--.00.html cnn.com/2019/04/05/health/rockland-new-york-meāsles-ban-ruling/index.html buzzfeednews.com/article/carolineodonovan/amazon-removes-anti-vaccine-videos pressdemocrat.com/news/9570677-181/scientology-cruise-ship-to-remain?artslide=0 buzzfeednews.com/article/carolineodonovan/youtube-just-demonetized-anti-vax-channels bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-14/facebook-sáys-it-may-remove-anti-vaccine-recommendations aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/Uaccine-misinformation-Tech-Company-Letters.aspx usatoday.com/story/tech/talkingtech/2019/03/07/facebook-looks-tackle-vaccine-misinformation/3092719002 usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2019/03/13/amazon-removes-books-claiming-autism-cures-amid-anti-vax-frenzy/3151059002 schiff.house.gou/news/press-releases/schiff-receives-official-responses-from-google-facebook-regarding-anti-uaccine-misinformation usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2019/02/21/pinterest-blocks-uaccination-searches-halt-anti-vaxx-misinformation-spread/2938629002 ale7 Нealth /PMC4554796 Quality & Innovation Transforming Healthcare