A History of CPR

A History of CPR 1767 The Society for Recovering Drowned Persons is formed in Amsterdam, making it the first organized effort to provide assistance for sudden human death = 400 Average number of drownings in Amsterdam's canals in the 18th Century 1769 Hamburg, Germany passes a city- wide ordinance directing notices to be read in churches describing assistance for drowned, strangled, and frozen persons, or those over- come by noxious gases +4yrs. Four years later, over 150 people claimed to have been saved by the society's recommendations The society's recommendations for saving a drowning victim: + Warming the victim + Removing swallowed or aspirated water by positioning the victim's head lower than feet + Applying manual pressure to the abdomen + Respirations into the victim's mouth, either by using a bellows or with a mouth-to-mouth method + Tickling the victim's throat + "Stimulating" the victim by means of rectal and oral fumigation with tobacco smoke (nicotine may seem very unusual to use today, but it may have been that it was enough of a stimulant victim) + Bloodletting gain a response in a drowning The survival rate using CPR is 30% THESE TECHNIQUES WERE RECOMMENDED FOR OVER 150 YEARS 20% 15% Survival rate of cardiac 1774 arrest in a hospital: Seattle: 20% Royal Humane Society was founded and became the forerunner in emergency medical services 10% Chicago: 2-3% New York City: 2-3% 5% SOIATILLVLA 220,000 deaths per year occur from 1954 sudden cardiac arrest (four times the capacity of Safeco Field) Dr. James Elam perfects the exhaled air ventilation technique, the standard for CPR today 1959 1960 American Red Cross volunteer Roger Mehalek creates Miss Sweet Breath, the first CPR training mannequin Rescue breathing is adopted by National Academy of Science, American Society of Anesthesi- ologists, Medical Society of New York and American Red Cross Elam writes the booklet entitled "Rescue Breathing," which is dis- tributed nationally, and leads to demonstration videos being made Nearly 50% those certified in CPR fail the basic 1 in 20 cardiac victims vomit due to CPR knowledge test 1980s CPR is now practiced across the world 1981 King County, WA starts a tele- phone program that provides CPR instructions Over 60% of cardiac arrest victims return to prior mental status, less than 5% have severe brain damage 2010 American Heart Association new guidelines for the CPR technique: Number of bystanders who will perform CPR on a cardiac arrest victim 1) Check for unresponsiveness and lack of breathing or abnormal breathing. 2) Activate emergency response (call 911 in the US and Canada). 3) Perform 30 chest compressions - push hard and push fast in the center of the chest at a rate of 100 per minute. 30% of people 5) If you are trained, give 2 ventilations and then alternate 30 compressions with 2 ventilations. have broken 6) If you are not trained in ventilations, continue with chest compressions ribs due to CPR SOURCES: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of CPR http://www.chacha.com/question/how-many-lives-does-cpr-save-a-year http://depts.washington.edu/learncpr/askdoctor.html#changed http://hubpages.com/question/74507/how-does-cpr-save-lives http://cprcertificationguide.com/cpr-recertification/ www.resuscitationacademy.org/downloads/DA/DA%20CPR%20Briefing.ppt