Guide to Heart Disease: Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Guide to Heart Disease: Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment HELP! What is heart disease or CVD? Heart disease or CVD is any medical condition that affects the body's circulatory system' Types of Heart Disease Coronary artery disease NORMAL BLO0D FLOW VATTY OEPOST) develops when there is a large buildup of plaque in the blood vessels, causing them to narrow 2 NARROWED ARTERY BLOCKED BY A BLO00 CLOT ARTERY BUILDING UP Congenital heart defects ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT LEFT ATRIUM structural ROGHT ATRIUM problems or defects in the heart that occur at birth 3 Cardiac arrhythmia characterized by irregular heartbeats- too slow, too fast, or erratic 4 DISORGANIZED ELECTRICAL SIGNALS Dilated DELATED VENTRICLE cardiomyopathy a disease of the heart muscle that affects the ventricles and chambers, causing the abnormal pumping of blood by the heart s NORMAL HEART HEART WITH DELATED CARDIOMYOPATHY Myocardial infarction also known as a heart attack, it is characterized by interruption of blood flow to the heart 6 BLOCKED ARTERY Heart failure occurs when the heart's functions are at a reduced level, which can be fatal? DAMAGED HEART MUSCLE MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE BLO0O LEAGNG BACK INTO LEFT ATRAM BLO0O LEAKING BACK INTO LEFT ATRAM MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE WITH REGURITATION HEALTHY MITRAL VALVE Mitral valve Mitral valve regurgitation prolapse the flaps of the mitral valve do not close tightly enough as the heart pumps blood, resulting in the blood flowing back into the chamber and causing the heart to enlarge 8 a common cause of heart murmurs, this happens when the mitral valve flaps do not close properly and distend into the ventricle9 Aortic stenosis Nomal Aortic Wve occurs when the heart's aortic valve LET ATRUM AORTIC VALVE narrows, reducing or blocking the blood flow from the heart to the Coric We Snos aorta and the rest of the body 10 LET VENTRICLE Rcet VENTRICLE Stroke happens when there is a sudden interruption in the brain's blood supply, which is commonly caused by an instant blockage of the arteries leading to the brain (ischemic) or a ruptured blood vessel in the brain (hemorrhagic) " Causes of Heart Disease" 12 High blood pressure High levels of cholesterol Untreated high blood pressure causes the hardening and thickening of the blood vessels and may damage both blood vessels and the heart. High cholesterol levels increase the plaque buildup within the blood vessels, making blockages more likely. Diabetes Smoking One of the biggest risk factors is diabetes, as it may narrow and damage the blood vessels. It also shares some risk factors with heart disease. Nicotine from smoking and other tobacco use can narrow the blood vessels, while carbon monoxide can damage the vessels' inner lining. Obesity Physical inactivity Being obese or overweight can contribute to the development of risk factors like high blood pressure and diabetes. Physical inactivity can increase the chances of high cholesterol, high blood pressure levels, and being overweight. Excessive alcohol consumption Stress High levels of cortisol can increase cholesterol, blood sugar, and blood pressure levels. Too much alcohol can contribute to high cholesterol levels, weight gain, and elevated blood pressure. Some medications and treatments Family history If a member of your family has developed heart disease in their earlier years (before age 55 for males and before age 65 for females), you are more likely to have it. Certain medicines like anthracyclines, antipsychotics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase the risk of developing heart disease or heart-related side effects 13 Symptoms of Heart Disease Extreme fatigue Frequent dizziness or lightheadedness Chest pain or discomfort during physical activity that goes away with rest A heart rate of over 100 beats per minute Irregular heartbeat Changes in sleep patterns Worsening respiratory s infection br cough Loss of appetite or nausea Treatment Options for Heart Disease 14 Medication Depending on the exact condition, medicines can be prescribed to reduce the risk of heart disease, manage or control its effects, or aid in the recovery from a previous attack. Surgery For some cases, surgery is needed to treat heart disease properly. The procedure will depend on the type and amount of damage to the cardiovascular system. Cardiac rehabilitation and lifestyle changes Cardiac rehabilitation is a medical program designed to help patients improve their cardiovascular health and encourage lifestyle changes to prevent the incidence of heart disease. For Your Boehringer Ingelheim Sweethert Where diabetes and heart disease meet www.foryoursweetheart.ph PC-PH-101822. December 2020 Sources: 1https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191 1 https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease 1 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detailcardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) 1 https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cardiovascular-disease/ 2 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/184130 3 https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/heartdefects/facts.html 4 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-arrhythmia/symptoms-causes/syc-20350668 5 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dilated-cardiomyopathysymptoms-causes/syc-20353149 6 https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/understanding-heart-attack-basics#1 7 https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-failure/what-is-heart-failure 8 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350178 9 https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-valve-problems-and-disease/heart-valve-problems-and-causes/problem-mitral-valve-prolapse 10 https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-valve-problems-and-disease/heart-valve-problems-and-causes/problem-aortic-valve-stenosis 11 http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/what-is-a-stroke/ 12, 15 https://www.webmd.com/heart/mitral-valve-prolapse-symptoms-causes-and-treatment#1 13 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353118 13 https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease 14 https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-disease-symptoms#1