Sustainable Luxury: Ecological Footprint

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: ECONOMIC LEVEL The ecological footprint, according to four political groupings which broadly represent different economic levels, illustrates that higher income, more developed countries generally make higher demands on the Earth's ecosystems than poorer, loss developed countries. In 2007, the 31 OECD countries, which include the world's FOOTPRINT V BIODIVERSITY richest economies, accounted for 37 per cent of humanity's ecological footprint. In contrast, the ten ASEAN countries and 53 African Union countries, which include some of the world's poorest and least developed countries, together accounted for only 12 per cent of the global footprint. A country's ecological footprint is a measure of how many renewable resources it uses to feed and support its citizens. These resources can come from around the world-a country's ecological footprint can exceed its own country's capacity if it's using resources that are taken from other countries. And, if we look at the last 40 years, while wealthier countries ecological footprints have risen drastically - implying that they are using more ecological resources than before - their http://wwt.panda.org/lpr G ZSL biodiversity (as measured by the Living Planet Index) has Increased. At the same time, the blodiversity of poorer countries has plummeted. Are wealthy countries using more resources at the expense of the less- well-off 4 KEY Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Brazil, Russa, India and China (BRIC) African Union Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Rest of the world ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT 1973 1972 1971 1970 MAP KEY OHigh-Income Y low-Income Middle-ncome Not Catrgoried Ecological key footprint for OECD, ASEAN, BRIC and African Union countries in 2007, as a pro- portion of humanity's total ecological footprint (Global Footprint Network, 2010) KEY Carbon NUMBER OF GLOBAL HECTARES PER PERSON In contrast, the relative contribution from the cropland, grazing land and forest footprint components has generally decreased for all regions. The decrease in the cropland footprint is the most marked, falling from 44-62 Grazing Forest Fishing Cropland Built-up land per cent in all groupings in 1961 to 18-35 per cent in 2007. This shift from a biomass to a carbon-dominated ecological footprint reflects the substitu- tion of fossil fuel-based energy for ecological resource consumption. OECD BRIC African Union ASEAN LIVING PLANET INDEX 1970 1971 1973 1974 1975 1978 1979 1980 1982 1.1 1986 2004 2005 1.0 1996 1999 2000 0.9 2003 2006 0.8 HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES 0.7 0.7 LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 COUNTRY CATEGORISATION HIGH-INCOME: ANDORRA, ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA, AUSTRALIA, AUS- TRIA, BAHAMAS, BAHRAIN, BARBADOS, BELGIUM, BERMUDA, BRUNEI DARUSSALAM, CANADA, CAYMAN ISLANDS, CHANNEL ISLANDS, CY- PRUS, DENMARK, EQUATORIAL GUINEA, FINLAND, FRENCH POLYNESIA, GERMANY, GREECE, GUAM, HUNGARY, ICELAND, IRELAND, ISLE OF MAN, ISRAEL, ITALY, JAPAN, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, KUWAIT, LIECHTENSTEIN, LUXEMBOURG, MALTA, MONACO, NETHERLANDS, NETHERLANDS AN- MIDDLE-INCOME: ALBANIA, ALGERIA, AMERICAN SAMOA, ANGOLA, AR- GENTINA, BELIZE, BHUTAN, BOLIVIA, BRAZIL, BULGARIA, CAMEROON, CAPE VERDE, CHILE, CHINA, COLOMBIA, CONGO, COSTA RICA, CUBA, DJIBOUTI, DOMINCIA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, ECUADOR, EL SALVADOR, RIJO, GABON, GRENADA, GUATEMALA, GUYANA, HONDURAS, INDIA, INDONESIA, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN, IRAQ, JAMAICA, JORDAN, LOW-INCOME: AFGHANISTAN, BENIN, BURKINA FASO, BURUNDI, CÔTE D'IVOIRE, CAMBODIA, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, CHAD, COMOROS, The relative size and composition of the total ecological footprint in OECD BRIC, ASEAN and African Union countries in 1961 and 2007. The total area of each ple chart shows the relative magnitude of the footprint for each political region (Global Footprint Network, 2010). TILLES, NEW CALEDONIA, NEW ZEALAND, NORWAY, OMAN, PORTUGAL, PUERTO RICO, QATAR, SAN MARINO, SAUDI ARABIA, SINGAPORE, SPAIN, SWEDEN, SWITZERLAND, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, UNITED KING- DOM, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, US VIRGIN ISLANDS. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, GAMBIA, GHANA, GUINEA, GUINEA- BISSAU, HAITI, KENYA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA, LIBERIA, MADAGASCAR, MALI, MAURITANIA, MOZAMBIQUE, MYANMAR, NEPAL, NIGER, NIGERIA, PAKISTAN, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, RWANDA, SENEGAL, SIERRA LEONE, SOLOMON ISLANDS, SOMALIA, TOGO, KIRIBATI, LEBANON, LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA, MALAYSIA, MALDIVES, MAURITIUS, MAYOTTE, MEXICO, MONGOLIA, MOROCCO, NAMIBIA, NICA- RAGUA, PANAMA, PARAGUAY, PERU, PHILIPPINES, POLAND, ROMANIA, SAINT LUCIA, SAINT VINCENT AND GRENADINES, SAMOA, SEYCHELLES, SOUTH AFRICA, SRI LANKA, SUDAN, SURINAME, SYRIAN ARAB REPUB- LIC, THAILAND, TIMOR-LESTE, TONGA, TUNISIA, TURKEY, URUGUAY, VANUATU, BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA. UGANDA, VIETNAM, YEMEN, ZIMBABWE. Source: WWF Living Planet Report, 2010 ПI CIERINCONE COUNTRIES LENCONE COUNTRIE 1972 1976 1977 1981 1002 1953 1984 1985 1987 1988 1990 1991 1952 1993 1994 1995 1997 1998 2001 2002 2007