Did I Correctly Cite My Sources? Flowchart

MLA WORKS CITED GUIDE DID I CORRECTLY CITE MY SOURCES Keep your last name and page number in the header as you do on the rest of your Put the Works Cited page on its own page at the end of your document. Title the Works Cited page with the words "Works Cited." Alphabetize all sources document in MLA Center the title and do not format. U S I N G A P A OR M LA FOR M AT ? italicize. by author last name or first entry (match with in-text citations). Newbold 27. WORKS CITED Кеep margins the Allen, Jo. "The Case Against Defining Technical Writing." Teaching Technical same as the Communication, James Dubinski, ed., Bedford St. Martin's, 2004, pp. 67 - 76 rest of your document at 1". YES Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulation, trans. Sheila Faria Glaser, University of If you're confident that the information If you are paraphrasing someone or multiple people but you didn't introduce the ideas as not your own before you use their ideas, go back and make clear reference to HOW ARE YOU YES! NO! DID YOU PROVIDE YES NO Michigan Press, 1994. you are discussing is widely and unequivocally Connors, Robert. The Rise of Technical Writing Instruction in America." Teaching Technical Communication, edited by James Dubinski, Bedford St. Martin's, 2004, Pp. 77- 98. USING THE APPROPRIATE IN- Space your text the same as the rest of your SOURCE? TEXT REFERENCES? DID YOU CITE Cope, Bill and Mary Kalntzis. "A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies." Multiliteracies: Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures, Routlege, 2000, pp. 9- 37. document, whether single or double- spacing. known as common YOUR SOURCE IN A Did you include, in parentheses, the page number, name of work, or other appropriate information according to MLA or APA guidelines to help your reader find the context of the original knowledge, you don't need to do a person or group of people. Make sure the ideas cannot Geisler, Cheryl, et al. "IText: Future Directions for Research on the Relationship between Information Technology and Writing." Journal of Business and Communication, vol. 15, no. 3, 2001, pp. 269 – 308. "WORKS CITED" OR Technical NO! Even if you inserted an be misconstrued as your own. anything to cite your source. When in doubt, though, follow the paraphrasing guidelines below. Create "REFERENCES" PAGE Katz, Steven B. "The Ethic of Expediency: Classical Rhetoric, Technology, and the Holocaust." College English, vol. 54, no. 3, 1992, pp. 255 - 275. hanging indents by indenting 0.5" the second and СOMMON author's name Example: "According to John Medina, author of 'Brain Rules,' the brain." m.The Epistemic Music of Rhetoric. Southern Illinois University Press, 1996. source? USING APPROPRIATE and included KNOWLEDGE Miller, Carolyn. "A Humanistic Rationale for Technical Writing." Teaching Technical Communication, edited by James Dubinski, Bedford St. Martin's, 2004, pp. 15-23. an in-text See APA or MLA quick reference guides to the right for appropriate MLA OR APA subsequent lines of each reference, Are you discussing a topic, in your own words, that Selber, Stuart A., et al. "Contexts for Faculty Professional Development in the Age of Electronic Writing and Communication." Teaching Technical Communication, edited by James Dubinski, Bedford St. Martin's, 2004, pp. 500 - 504. YES if you fail to include source. FORMATTING? a "Works Cited" or "References" page at the end of your document, your readers will likely still have a difficult time finding the original source. It is important that you include all citation Double-space DID YOU USE between Did you include, at the end of your document, all of the citation information required by either MLA or APA guidelines? Be sure to know the type of source you are citing (book, magazine, digital media, interview, etc.) and follow the guidelines according the associated style. DID YOU MAKE A NO Stafford, Barbara. "Visual Pragmatism for a Virtual World." Visual Rhetoric in a Digital World, edited by Carolyn Handa, Bedford St. Martin's, 2004, pp. 209- 221. sources. has been sO QUOTATION MARKS Capitalize author names widely established by science or by a field of study that it no longer needs to be cited- such as the earth being round or the STATEMENT THAT Tufte, Edward. Envisioning Information, Graphics Press, 1990. and all words AROUND THE in titles except for prepositions (on, in, of). articles (a, an, the), and conjunctions (but, and, or). Turkle, Sherry. Simulation and Its Discontents, MIT Press, 2009. CLARIFIES THE NO! If you forgot to include an in-text reference PARAPHRASED IDEAS YOU ARE after including quoted or paraphrased material, be sure to go back and include the reference. principles of gravity? PRESENTING ARE MATERIAL? Use italics for titles of Use quotation marks for When you have more than titles of works within a larger works like books, journals, and magazines. one work by the same information required by the style guide you are following in order to give appropriate credit to the original author's ideas. larger work, like articles, chapters, and songs. author, use three hyphens for every entry after the first. NOT YOUR OWN? NO In other words, did you state the original author's full or last name or did you say something that indicates what you are about to say is not your original idea? YES NO MLA FORMAT COMPONENT SEQUENCE NO! If you are quoting someone verbatim but it # 團 PARAPHRASE NO! If you are quoting OTHER TITLE OF SOURCE. VERSION, Quotation marks suggest that the person said exactly, word-for-word what is in quotes. If you paraphrased, remove all quotation marks. LAST NAME, FIRST NAME. TITLE OF NUMBER, PUBLISHER, PUBLICATION LOCATION. isn't clear to the reader CONTRIBUTORS, NO! CONTAINER. DATE, MLA format generally follows this order when citing sources. Not all sources will use all ten components. who is saying it before you include it, go back and find ways of introducing the author of the original quote before you quote it. YES Are you using someone someone else's thoughts, research, ideas, or YES! If you were directly, it is important that you put their words in quotation marks. If you made any modifications to the YES NO able to answer conclusions but appropriately to make it writing them in APA REFERENCES GUIDE your own words this far in the and phrases? Did the original concepts come from someone else, but you're writing them in a way that flows with your own style? original text, it is critical that you appropriately use brackets to insert DID YOU USE flow chart, IS IT CLEAR WHO IS congrats! You have most likely introduced and cited your source correctly. Remember that every DID YOU Include the page Put the References page on its own page at the end of your document QUOTATION MARKS number in the header INTRODUCE THE STATING THE QUOTE your own wording or modifications within the as you do on the rest of your document in APA format. Title the References page with AROUND THE the word "References." Center ORIGINAL AUTHOR BEFORE THE READER Alphabetize all sources the title and do not italicize, quote. It is considered unethical and misleading to change someone's quote without properly identifying that you did it. QUOTED MATERIAL? underline, or use all caps. IN THE BODY OF source you reference in your document needs to be cited, by author last name or first entry (match READS IT? 27 NO with in-text If you didn't mention the author's name immediately before introducing the quote, will the reader know who is saying it? If you have mentioned the author previously, you may only need an in-text citation rather than stating the author's name in the body of the text. so go thr over and over again on every document you create that includes references to other YOUR TEXT? this process citations). References YES NO Кеep margins the Allen. J. (2004). The case against defining technical writing. Teaching Technical Communication (pp. 67- 76), J. Dubinski (Ed.). Bedford St. Martin's. Did you state the original author's full name or last name (not just the first name), before stating the actual quote? same as the DIRECT QUOTE rest of your Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and Simulation. (S. F. Glaser, Trans.). University of Michigan Press. document people's ideas. at 1". Are you quoting someone verbatim, meaning that you are using a person's exact words, spelling, and phrasing? Or, are you quoting someone verbatim, but making slight modifications, such as to verb tense or pronouns for clarity לל DID YOU CLARIFY ANY MODIFICATIONS Space your text the Connors, R. (2004). The rise of technical writing instruction in America. Teaching Technical Communication (pp. 77-98). J. Dubinski (Ed.). Bedford St. Martin's. TO THE ORIGINAL QUOTE BY Cope, B. and M. Kalntzis. (2000). A pedagogy of multiliteracies. Multiliteracies: Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures (pp. 9- 37). Routlege. same as the rest of your APPROPRIATELY USING BRACKETS? document, whether single or double- spacing. YES Geisler, C. (2001). IText: future directions for rescarch on the relationship between information technology and writing. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 15(3), 269 – 308. YES NO YES NO If you modified the direct quote in any way for readability or clarity, did you use brackets to indicate the change? Katz, S. B. (1992). The ethic of expediency: classical rhetoric, technology, and the holocaust. College English, 54(3), 255 - 275. Create and flow? hanging indents by indenting 0.5" the second and YES NO Katz, S. B. (1996). The Epistemic Music of Rhetoric. Southern Illinois University Press. Miller, C. (2004). A humanistic rationale for technical writing. Teaching Technical Communication (pp. 15- 33). J. Dubinski (Ed.). Bedford St. Martin's. Icons in this graphic used by creative commons licenses and were developed by Smashicons, geotatah, and Freepik via flaticon.com. subsequent lines of each Selber, S. A. (2004). Contexts for faculty professional development in the age of electronic writing and communication. Teaching Technical Communication (pp. 500 - 504), J. Dubinski (Ed.). Bedford St. Martin's. source. Double-space between Stafford, B. (2004). Visual pragmatism for a virtual world. Visual Rhetoric in a Digital World (209- 221), C. Handa (Ed.). Bedford St. Martin's. sources. IN-TEXT CITATIONS QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Capitalize author last Tufte, E. (1990). Envisioning Information, Graphics Press. name and include Turkle, S. (2009). Simulation and Its Discontents, MIT Press. MLA FORMAT (note the emphasis on page number) APA FORMAT (note the emphasis on publication year) only first initial Don't capitalize words in Do not use quotation marks for titles of works within a larger work, like articles, chapters, and songs. When you have more than one work by the same author, simply repeat the last name as you did the first. Use italics for titles of names of larger works like books, journals, and magazines. Multiple Authors with Same Last Name: (J. Smith, 2007); (B. Smith, 1991) Multiple Works by Same Author: Newbold (2016a); Newbold (2016b) Works with No Known Author: ("How Birds Migrate," 1995) Unknown Author: ("The Basics of Astrology," 1995) Author Included in Sentence: (75) Multiple Works by Same Author: (Kuhn, Structure of Scientific 214) Works with No Page Numbers: (Dickens, para. 7) Works with No Known Author: ("How Birds Migrate" 8) The Bible: (King James Version, Matthew 3:7) Indirect Sources: (qtd. in McCloud 27) Multiple Citations in Same Sentence: (Barthes 48; Ulmer 112) Author Included in Sentence: Anderson (2014) articles, just books. Author NOT Included in Sentence: (Anderson 75) Author NOT Included in Sentence: (Anderson, 2014) Corporate or Organizational Author: (Internal Revenue Service 126) Two Authors: (Jones and Anderson 97) Corporate or Organizational Author: Internal Revenue Service (1998) Two Authors: Research by Jones and Anderson (2016) APA FORMAT C OMPONENT SEQUENCE Three Authors: (Harrison, Handa, and Peterson 217) (Jones & Anderson 2016) Unknown Date: (n.d.) # 盟 More than Three Authors: (Johnson et al. 161) Three to Five Authors: (Harrison, Handa, Peterson, & Thomas 2004) Indirect Sources: (as cited in McCloud, 2003) PUBLISHER (EDITORS & TRANSLATORS) LAST NAME, FIRST INITIAL (PUBLICATION TITLE OF SOURCE TITLE OF CONTAINER. VERSION (ISSUE), URL More than Five Authors: Harrison et. al (2006); or (Harrison et al, 2006) PAGES Multiple Authors with Same Last Name: (J. Smith 23); (B. Smith 97) Multiple Citations in Same Sentence: (Barthes, 1963; Ulmer, 2001) YEAR) APA format generally follows this order when citing sources. Not all sources will use all ten components. Some changes occur with page numbers on books versus page numbers on periodicals. See examples. THEVISUALCOMMUNICATIONGUY.COM | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED