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A Brief History of Dive Technology

A BRIEF HISTORY OF DIVE TECHNOLOGY PRE-INDUSTRIAL During the Greek and Roman era, there are recorded instances of men swimming or diving for combat. They had no diving equipment so they had to hold their breath or use hollow plant stem as a snorkel. The use of diving bells was recorded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in the 4th century BC: "...they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron, for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced straight down into the water." Leonardo da Vinci made the first known mention of air tanks in Italy. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of mask with a box for air. The project was so detailed that it included a urine collector, too. The first diving dress using a compressed-air reservoir is success- fully designed and built in 1772 by Sieur (old French for "sir" or "Mister") Fréminet, a Frenchman from Paris. Fréminet conceived an autonomous breathing machine equipped with a helmet, two hoses for inhalation and exhalation, a suite and a reservoir, dragged by and behind the diver, although Fréminet later put it on his back. Fréminet called his invention machine hydrostatergatique and used it successfully for more than ten years in the harbours of Le Havre and Brest, as states the explaining text of a 1784 painting. FIRST DIVING DRESS 19TH CENTURY FIRST SUBMARINE Robert Fulton builds a submarine, the Nautilus. On June the 17th, Sieur Touboulic from Brest, mechanic in the Napoleon's Imperial Navy, patents the oldest known oxygen rebreather (but there's no evidence of any prototype having been manufactured). This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen beeing delivered progressively by the diver himself and circulating in a closed circuit through a sponge soaked in lime water. Touboulic called his invention Ichtioandre(greek for 'fish-man'). FIRST REBREATHER William H. James designed a self contained diving suit that had compressed air in an iron container worn around the waist. Charles Anthony Deane and John Deane of Whitstable in Kent in England design the first air-pumped diving helmet for use with a diving suit. The diving system was used in salvage work, including the successful removal of cannon from the British warship HMS Royal George in 1834-35. This 108-gun fighting ship sank in 65 feet of water at Spithead anchorage in 1783. Halley the astronomer, Augus- Following up Leonardo's studies, and those tus Siebe develops standard diving dress, a sort of surface supplied diving apparatus.By attaching the Deane brothers helmet to a suit, Augustus Siebe develops the Siebe "Closed" Dress combination diving helmet and suit, consid- ered the foundation of modern diving dress. This was a significant evolution from previous models of "open" dress that did not allow a diver to invert. Dr. Manuel Théodore Guillaumet invented a twin-hose demand regulator. It was demonstrated used assurface-demand. Use duration was limited to 30 minutes by diving in cold water without a diving suit. FIRST REGULATOR First documented case of decompression sickness occurs, reported by a mining engineer who observed pain and muscle cramps among coal miners working in mine shafts air-pressurized to keep water out. Louis Boutan invents the first underwater camera and makes the first underwater photographs. FIRST UNDERWATER CAMERA 20TH CENTURY The first rebreather with metering valves to control the supply of oxygen is made. 吉 Modern swimfins are invented by the Frenchman Louis de Corlieu, Lieutenant Commander in the French Navy. De Corlieu made a practical demonstration of his first prototype for a group of navy officers. Fernez-Le Prieur self contained underwater breathing apparatus demonstrated to the public in Paris, and adopted by the French Navy. Draeger displayed a rescue breathing apparatus that the wearer could swim with. While the previ- ous devices served only for ascending to the surface and were designed also to develop lift so that the wearer arrived at the surface without swimming move- ments, the diving set had weights, which also made it possible to dive down with it, to search and save after an accident. In San Diego, California, the first sport diving club is started, FIRST DIVE CLUB called the Bottom Scratchers. As far as it is known, it did not use breathing sets; its main goal was spearfishing. Beuchat is established in France, it is the oldest scuba diving and spearfishing company in the world. FIRST DIVE COMPANY BEUCHAT. Inspired by the sea The American Diving Equipment and Salvage Company (now known as DESCO) develops a heavy bottom-walking-type diving suit with a self- contained mixed-gas helium and oxygen rebreather. Georges Commeinhes offers his breathing set to the French Navy, which could not continue developing uses for it because of WWII. After fixing some technical problems Cousteau and Gagnan patent the first modern demand regulator. Various nations use frogmen equipped with rebreathers for some of the best known and most spectacular war actions. Maurice Fargues becomes the first diver to die using an aqualung while attempting a new depth record with Cousteau's Undersea Research Group near Toulon. The movie "The Frogmen" is released. It is set in the Pacific Ocean in WWII. In its last 20 minutes, it shows USA frogmen, using bulky 3-cylindered aqualungs on a combat mission. This equipment use is anachro- nistic (in reality they would have used rebreathers), but it shows that aqualungs were available (even if not widely known of) in the USA in 1951. FROGMEN O WIDMARK ANDREWS GARY MERRILL National Geographic Magazine publishes an article about Cousteau's underwater archaeology at Grand Congloué island near Marseille. This started a massive public demand for aqualungs and diving gear, and in France and America the diving gear makers started making them as fast as they could. But in Britain Siebe Gorman and Heinke kept aqualungs expensive, and restrictions on exporting currency stopped people from importing them. Many British sport divers used home-made constant- flow breathing sets and ex-armed forces or ex-industrial rebreathers. In the early 1950s, diving regulators made by Siebe Gorman cost £15, which was an average week's salary. Georges Beuchat in Marseille, France invent and release the first isothermic wetsuit. FIRST WET SUIT First scuba certification course in the USA is offered by the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Program created by Albert Tillman and Bev Morgan now known as LA County Scuba. FIAST CEATIFICATION Some British scuba divers start making homemade diving demand regulators from industrial parts, including Calor Gas regulators. The film version of James Bond in Thunderball (using both sorts of open-circuit scuba) is released and helps to make scuba diving popular. וקג? י PADI PADI starts. The wreck of RMS Titanic is found. Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747 aircraft, is found and salvaged off Cork, Ireland during the first large scale deep water (6,200 feet) air crash investigation. 2ITH CENTURY Equipped with an ADS 2000 atmospheric suit a US Navy diver establishes a new record on August 1, 2006. He was submerged at 2,000 feet deep (609 meters). NAUI approves the first Standard Dress Sport Diving course. The course is conducted in Australia, bringing antique helmet diving back. What does the future hold have in store for diving? Underwater cities? Augmented reality helmets? New underwater vehicles? Only time will tell. water jet steering front water intake DiveCaddy Ger Visit DiveCaddy.net for more great content. Historic information aquired from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_diving_technology, www.bio-one.org First World Second World War War Industrial Revolution Diving Becomes Public THE FUTURE 2009 2006 1985 1966 1965 1956 1954 1954 1953 1951 1943 1939 1937 1934 1933 1926 1905 1841 1838 1829 1825 8081 0081 A BRIEF HISTORY OF DIVE TECHNOLOGY PRE-INDUSTRIAL During the Greek and Roman era, there are recorded instances of men swimming or diving for combat. They had no diving equipment so they had to hold their breath or use hollow plant stem as a snorkel. The use of diving bells was recorded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in the 4th century BC: "...they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron, for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced straight down into the water." Leonardo da Vinci made the first known mention of air tanks in Italy. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of mask with a box for air. The project was so detailed that it included a urine collector, too. The first diving dress using a compressed-air reservoir is success- fully designed and built in 1772 by Sieur (old French for "sir" or "Mister") Fréminet, a Frenchman from Paris. Fréminet conceived an autonomous breathing machine equipped with a helmet, two hoses for inhalation and exhalation, a suite and a reservoir, dragged by and behind the diver, although Fréminet later put it on his back. Fréminet called his invention machine hydrostatergatique and used it successfully for more than ten years in the harbours of Le Havre and Brest, as states the explaining text of a 1784 painting. FIRST DIVING DRESS 19TH CENTURY FIRST SUBMARINE Robert Fulton builds a submarine, the Nautilus. On June the 17th, Sieur Touboulic from Brest, mechanic in the Napoleon's Imperial Navy, patents the oldest known oxygen rebreather (but there's no evidence of any prototype having been manufactured). This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen beeing delivered progressively by the diver himself and circulating in a closed circuit through a sponge soaked in lime water. Touboulic called his invention Ichtioandre(greek for 'fish-man'). FIRST REBREATHER William H. James designed a self contained diving suit that had compressed air in an iron container worn around the waist. Charles Anthony Deane and John Deane of Whitstable in Kent in England design the first air-pumped diving helmet for use with a diving suit. The diving system was used in salvage work, including the successful removal of cannon from the British warship HMS Royal George in 1834-35. This 108-gun fighting ship sank in 65 feet of water at Spithead anchorage in 1783. Halley the astronomer, Augus- Following up Leonardo's studies, and those tus Siebe develops standard diving dress, a sort of surface supplied diving apparatus.By attaching the Deane brothers helmet to a suit, Augustus Siebe develops the Siebe "Closed" Dress combination diving helmet and suit, consid- ered the foundation of modern diving dress. This was a significant evolution from previous models of "open" dress that did not allow a diver to invert. Dr. Manuel Théodore Guillaumet invented a twin-hose demand regulator. It was demonstrated used assurface-demand. Use duration was limited to 30 minutes by diving in cold water without a diving suit. FIRST REGULATOR First documented case of decompression sickness occurs, reported by a mining engineer who observed pain and muscle cramps among coal miners working in mine shafts air-pressurized to keep water out. Louis Boutan invents the first underwater camera and makes the first underwater photographs. FIRST UNDERWATER CAMERA 20TH CENTURY The first rebreather with metering valves to control the supply of oxygen is made. 吉 Modern swimfins are invented by the Frenchman Louis de Corlieu, Lieutenant Commander in the French Navy. De Corlieu made a practical demonstration of his first prototype for a group of navy officers. Fernez-Le Prieur self contained underwater breathing apparatus demonstrated to the public in Paris, and adopted by the French Navy. Draeger displayed a rescue breathing apparatus that the wearer could swim with. While the previ- ous devices served only for ascending to the surface and were designed also to develop lift so that the wearer arrived at the surface without swimming move- ments, the diving set had weights, which also made it possible to dive down with it, to search and save after an accident. In San Diego, California, the first sport diving club is started, FIRST DIVE CLUB called the Bottom Scratchers. As far as it is known, it did not use breathing sets; its main goal was spearfishing. Beuchat is established in France, it is the oldest scuba diving and spearfishing company in the world. FIRST DIVE COMPANY BEUCHAT. Inspired by the sea The American Diving Equipment and Salvage Company (now known as DESCO) develops a heavy bottom-walking-type diving suit with a self- contained mixed-gas helium and oxygen rebreather. Georges Commeinhes offers his breathing set to the French Navy, which could not continue developing uses for it because of WWII. After fixing some technical problems Cousteau and Gagnan patent the first modern demand regulator. Various nations use frogmen equipped with rebreathers for some of the best known and most spectacular war actions. Maurice Fargues becomes the first diver to die using an aqualung while attempting a new depth record with Cousteau's Undersea Research Group near Toulon. The movie "The Frogmen" is released. It is set in the Pacific Ocean in WWII. In its last 20 minutes, it shows USA frogmen, using bulky 3-cylindered aqualungs on a combat mission. This equipment use is anachro- nistic (in reality they would have used rebreathers), but it shows that aqualungs were available (even if not widely known of) in the USA in 1951. FROGMEN O WIDMARK ANDREWS GARY MERRILL National Geographic Magazine publishes an article about Cousteau's underwater archaeology at Grand Congloué island near Marseille. This started a massive public demand for aqualungs and diving gear, and in France and America the diving gear makers started making them as fast as they could. But in Britain Siebe Gorman and Heinke kept aqualungs expensive, and restrictions on exporting currency stopped people from importing them. Many British sport divers used home-made constant- flow breathing sets and ex-armed forces or ex-industrial rebreathers. In the early 1950s, diving regulators made by Siebe Gorman cost £15, which was an average week's salary. Georges Beuchat in Marseille, France invent and release the first isothermic wetsuit. FIRST WET SUIT First scuba certification course in the USA is offered by the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Program created by Albert Tillman and Bev Morgan now known as LA County Scuba. FIAST CEATIFICATION Some British scuba divers start making homemade diving demand regulators from industrial parts, including Calor Gas regulators. The film version of James Bond in Thunderball (using both sorts of open-circuit scuba) is released and helps to make scuba diving popular. וקג? י PADI PADI starts. The wreck of RMS Titanic is found. Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747 aircraft, is found and salvaged off Cork, Ireland during the first large scale deep water (6,200 feet) air crash investigation. 2ITH CENTURY Equipped with an ADS 2000 atmospheric suit a US Navy diver establishes a new record on August 1, 2006. He was submerged at 2,000 feet deep (609 meters). NAUI approves the first Standard Dress Sport Diving course. The course is conducted in Australia, bringing antique helmet diving back. What does the future hold have in store for diving? Underwater cities? Augmented reality helmets? New underwater vehicles? Only time will tell. water jet steering front water intake DiveCaddy Ger Visit DiveCaddy.net for more great content. Historic information aquired from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_diving_technology, www.bio-one.org First World Second World War War Industrial Revolution Diving Becomes Public THE FUTURE 2009 2006 1985 1966 1965 1956 1954 1954 1953 1951 1943 1939 1937 1934 1933 1926 1905 1841 1838 1829 1825 8081 0081 A BRIEF HISTORY OF DIVE TECHNOLOGY PRE-INDUSTRIAL During the Greek and Roman era, there are recorded instances of men swimming or diving for combat. They had no diving equipment so they had to hold their breath or use hollow plant stem as a snorkel. The use of diving bells was recorded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in the 4th century BC: "...they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron, for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced straight down into the water." Leonardo da Vinci made the first known mention of air tanks in Italy. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of mask with a box for air. The project was so detailed that it included a urine collector, too. The first diving dress using a compressed-air reservoir is success- fully designed and built in 1772 by Sieur (old French for "sir" or "Mister") Fréminet, a Frenchman from Paris. Fréminet conceived an autonomous breathing machine equipped with a helmet, two hoses for inhalation and exhalation, a suite and a reservoir, dragged by and behind the diver, although Fréminet later put it on his back. Fréminet called his invention machine hydrostatergatique and used it successfully for more than ten years in the harbours of Le Havre and Brest, as states the explaining text of a 1784 painting. FIRST DIVING DRESS 19TH CENTURY FIRST SUBMARINE Robert Fulton builds a submarine, the Nautilus. On June the 17th, Sieur Touboulic from Brest, mechanic in the Napoleon's Imperial Navy, patents the oldest known oxygen rebreather (but there's no evidence of any prototype having been manufactured). This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen beeing delivered progressively by the diver himself and circulating in a closed circuit through a sponge soaked in lime water. Touboulic called his invention Ichtioandre(greek for 'fish-man'). FIRST REBREATHER William H. James designed a self contained diving suit that had compressed air in an iron container worn around the waist. Charles Anthony Deane and John Deane of Whitstable in Kent in England design the first air-pumped diving helmet for use with a diving suit. The diving system was used in salvage work, including the successful removal of cannon from the British warship HMS Royal George in 1834-35. This 108-gun fighting ship sank in 65 feet of water at Spithead anchorage in 1783. Halley the astronomer, Augus- Following up Leonardo's studies, and those tus Siebe develops standard diving dress, a sort of surface supplied diving apparatus.By attaching the Deane brothers helmet to a suit, Augustus Siebe develops the Siebe "Closed" Dress combination diving helmet and suit, consid- ered the foundation of modern diving dress. This was a significant evolution from previous models of "open" dress that did not allow a diver to invert. Dr. Manuel Théodore Guillaumet invented a twin-hose demand regulator. It was demonstrated used assurface-demand. Use duration was limited to 30 minutes by diving in cold water without a diving suit. FIRST REGULATOR First documented case of decompression sickness occurs, reported by a mining engineer who observed pain and muscle cramps among coal miners working in mine shafts air-pressurized to keep water out. Louis Boutan invents the first underwater camera and makes the first underwater photographs. FIRST UNDERWATER CAMERA 20TH CENTURY The first rebreather with metering valves to control the supply of oxygen is made. 吉 Modern swimfins are invented by the Frenchman Louis de Corlieu, Lieutenant Commander in the French Navy. De Corlieu made a practical demonstration of his first prototype for a group of navy officers. Fernez-Le Prieur self contained underwater breathing apparatus demonstrated to the public in Paris, and adopted by the French Navy. Draeger displayed a rescue breathing apparatus that the wearer could swim with. While the previ- ous devices served only for ascending to the surface and were designed also to develop lift so that the wearer arrived at the surface without swimming move- ments, the diving set had weights, which also made it possible to dive down with it, to search and save after an accident. In San Diego, California, the first sport diving club is started, FIRST DIVE CLUB called the Bottom Scratchers. As far as it is known, it did not use breathing sets; its main goal was spearfishing. Beuchat is established in France, it is the oldest scuba diving and spearfishing company in the world. FIRST DIVE COMPANY BEUCHAT. Inspired by the sea The American Diving Equipment and Salvage Company (now known as DESCO) develops a heavy bottom-walking-type diving suit with a self- contained mixed-gas helium and oxygen rebreather. Georges Commeinhes offers his breathing set to the French Navy, which could not continue developing uses for it because of WWII. After fixing some technical problems Cousteau and Gagnan patent the first modern demand regulator. Various nations use frogmen equipped with rebreathers for some of the best known and most spectacular war actions. Maurice Fargues becomes the first diver to die using an aqualung while attempting a new depth record with Cousteau's Undersea Research Group near Toulon. The movie "The Frogmen" is released. It is set in the Pacific Ocean in WWII. In its last 20 minutes, it shows USA frogmen, using bulky 3-cylindered aqualungs on a combat mission. This equipment use is anachro- nistic (in reality they would have used rebreathers), but it shows that aqualungs were available (even if not widely known of) in the USA in 1951. FROGMEN O WIDMARK ANDREWS GARY MERRILL National Geographic Magazine publishes an article about Cousteau's underwater archaeology at Grand Congloué island near Marseille. This started a massive public demand for aqualungs and diving gear, and in France and America the diving gear makers started making them as fast as they could. But in Britain Siebe Gorman and Heinke kept aqualungs expensive, and restrictions on exporting currency stopped people from importing them. Many British sport divers used home-made constant- flow breathing sets and ex-armed forces or ex-industrial rebreathers. In the early 1950s, diving regulators made by Siebe Gorman cost £15, which was an average week's salary. Georges Beuchat in Marseille, France invent and release the first isothermic wetsuit. FIRST WET SUIT First scuba certification course in the USA is offered by the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Program created by Albert Tillman and Bev Morgan now known as LA County Scuba. FIAST CEATIFICATION Some British scuba divers start making homemade diving demand regulators from industrial parts, including Calor Gas regulators. The film version of James Bond in Thunderball (using both sorts of open-circuit scuba) is released and helps to make scuba diving popular. וקג? י PADI PADI starts. The wreck of RMS Titanic is found. Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747 aircraft, is found and salvaged off Cork, Ireland during the first large scale deep water (6,200 feet) air crash investigation. 2ITH CENTURY Equipped with an ADS 2000 atmospheric suit a US Navy diver establishes a new record on August 1, 2006. He was submerged at 2,000 feet deep (609 meters). NAUI approves the first Standard Dress Sport Diving course. The course is conducted in Australia, bringing antique helmet diving back. What does the future hold have in store for diving? Underwater cities? Augmented reality helmets? New underwater vehicles? Only time will tell. water jet steering front water intake DiveCaddy Ger Visit DiveCaddy.net for more great content. Historic information aquired from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_diving_technology, www.bio-one.org First World Second World War War Industrial Revolution Diving Becomes Public THE FUTURE 2009 2006 1985 1966 1965 1956 1954 1954 1953 1951 1943 1939 1937 1934 1933 1926 1905 1841 1838 1829 1825 8081 0081 A BRIEF HISTORY OF DIVE TECHNOLOGY PRE-INDUSTRIAL During the Greek and Roman era, there are recorded instances of men swimming or diving for combat. They had no diving equipment so they had to hold their breath or use hollow plant stem as a snorkel. The use of diving bells was recorded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in the 4th century BC: "...they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron, for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced straight down into the water." Leonardo da Vinci made the first known mention of air tanks in Italy. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of mask with a box for air. The project was so detailed that it included a urine collector, too. The first diving dress using a compressed-air reservoir is success- fully designed and built in 1772 by Sieur (old French for "sir" or "Mister") Fréminet, a Frenchman from Paris. Fréminet conceived an autonomous breathing machine equipped with a helmet, two hoses for inhalation and exhalation, a suite and a reservoir, dragged by and behind the diver, although Fréminet later put it on his back. Fréminet called his invention machine hydrostatergatique and used it successfully for more than ten years in the harbours of Le Havre and Brest, as states the explaining text of a 1784 painting. FIRST DIVING DRESS 19TH CENTURY FIRST SUBMARINE Robert Fulton builds a submarine, the Nautilus. On June the 17th, Sieur Touboulic from Brest, mechanic in the Napoleon's Imperial Navy, patents the oldest known oxygen rebreather (but there's no evidence of any prototype having been manufactured). This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen beeing delivered progressively by the diver himself and circulating in a closed circuit through a sponge soaked in lime water. Touboulic called his invention Ichtioandre(greek for 'fish-man'). FIRST REBREATHER William H. James designed a self contained diving suit that had compressed air in an iron container worn around the waist. Charles Anthony Deane and John Deane of Whitstable in Kent in England design the first air-pumped diving helmet for use with a diving suit. The diving system was used in salvage work, including the successful removal of cannon from the British warship HMS Royal George in 1834-35. This 108-gun fighting ship sank in 65 feet of water at Spithead anchorage in 1783. Halley the astronomer, Augus- Following up Leonardo's studies, and those tus Siebe develops standard diving dress, a sort of surface supplied diving apparatus.By attaching the Deane brothers helmet to a suit, Augustus Siebe develops the Siebe "Closed" Dress combination diving helmet and suit, consid- ered the foundation of modern diving dress. This was a significant evolution from previous models of "open" dress that did not allow a diver to invert. Dr. Manuel Théodore Guillaumet invented a twin-hose demand regulator. It was demonstrated used assurface-demand. Use duration was limited to 30 minutes by diving in cold water without a diving suit. FIRST REGULATOR First documented case of decompression sickness occurs, reported by a mining engineer who observed pain and muscle cramps among coal miners working in mine shafts air-pressurized to keep water out. Louis Boutan invents the first underwater camera and makes the first underwater photographs. FIRST UNDERWATER CAMERA 20TH CENTURY The first rebreather with metering valves to control the supply of oxygen is made. 吉 Modern swimfins are invented by the Frenchman Louis de Corlieu, Lieutenant Commander in the French Navy. De Corlieu made a practical demonstration of his first prototype for a group of navy officers. Fernez-Le Prieur self contained underwater breathing apparatus demonstrated to the public in Paris, and adopted by the French Navy. Draeger displayed a rescue breathing apparatus that the wearer could swim with. While the previ- ous devices served only for ascending to the surface and were designed also to develop lift so that the wearer arrived at the surface without swimming move- ments, the diving set had weights, which also made it possible to dive down with it, to search and save after an accident. In San Diego, California, the first sport diving club is started, FIRST DIVE CLUB called the Bottom Scratchers. As far as it is known, it did not use breathing sets; its main goal was spearfishing. Beuchat is established in France, it is the oldest scuba diving and spearfishing company in the world. FIRST DIVE COMPANY BEUCHAT. Inspired by the sea The American Diving Equipment and Salvage Company (now known as DESCO) develops a heavy bottom-walking-type diving suit with a self- contained mixed-gas helium and oxygen rebreather. Georges Commeinhes offers his breathing set to the French Navy, which could not continue developing uses for it because of WWII. After fixing some technical problems Cousteau and Gagnan patent the first modern demand regulator. Various nations use frogmen equipped with rebreathers for some of the best known and most spectacular war actions. Maurice Fargues becomes the first diver to die using an aqualung while attempting a new depth record with Cousteau's Undersea Research Group near Toulon. The movie "The Frogmen" is released. It is set in the Pacific Ocean in WWII. In its last 20 minutes, it shows USA frogmen, using bulky 3-cylindered aqualungs on a combat mission. This equipment use is anachro- nistic (in reality they would have used rebreathers), but it shows that aqualungs were available (even if not widely known of) in the USA in 1951. FROGMEN O WIDMARK ANDREWS GARY MERRILL National Geographic Magazine publishes an article about Cousteau's underwater archaeology at Grand Congloué island near Marseille. This started a massive public demand for aqualungs and diving gear, and in France and America the diving gear makers started making them as fast as they could. But in Britain Siebe Gorman and Heinke kept aqualungs expensive, and restrictions on exporting currency stopped people from importing them. Many British sport divers used home-made constant- flow breathing sets and ex-armed forces or ex-industrial rebreathers. In the early 1950s, diving regulators made by Siebe Gorman cost £15, which was an average week's salary. Georges Beuchat in Marseille, France invent and release the first isothermic wetsuit. FIRST WET SUIT First scuba certification course in the USA is offered by the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Program created by Albert Tillman and Bev Morgan now known as LA County Scuba. FIAST CEATIFICATION Some British scuba divers start making homemade diving demand regulators from industrial parts, including Calor Gas regulators. The film version of James Bond in Thunderball (using both sorts of open-circuit scuba) is released and helps to make scuba diving popular. וקג? י PADI PADI starts. The wreck of RMS Titanic is found. Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747 aircraft, is found and salvaged off Cork, Ireland during the first large scale deep water (6,200 feet) air crash investigation. 2ITH CENTURY Equipped with an ADS 2000 atmospheric suit a US Navy diver establishes a new record on August 1, 2006. He was submerged at 2,000 feet deep (609 meters). NAUI approves the first Standard Dress Sport Diving course. The course is conducted in Australia, bringing antique helmet diving back. What does the future hold have in store for diving? Underwater cities? Augmented reality helmets? New underwater vehicles? Only time will tell. water jet steering front water intake DiveCaddy Ger Visit DiveCaddy.net for more great content. Historic information aquired from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_diving_technology, www.bio-one.org First World Second World War War Industrial Revolution Diving Becomes Public THE FUTURE 2009 2006 1985 1966 1965 1956 1954 1954 1953 1951 1943 1939 1937 1934 1933 1926 1905 1841 1838 1829 1825 8081 0081 A BRIEF HISTORY OF DIVE TECHNOLOGY PRE-INDUSTRIAL During the Greek and Roman era, there are recorded instances of men swimming or diving for combat. They had no diving equipment so they had to hold their breath or use hollow plant stem as a snorkel. The use of diving bells was recorded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in the 4th century BC: "...they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron, for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced straight down into the water." Leonardo da Vinci made the first known mention of air tanks in Italy. Other drawings showed a complete immersion kit, with a plunger suit which included a sort of mask with a box for air. The project was so detailed that it included a urine collector, too. The first diving dress using a compressed-air reservoir is success- fully designed and built in 1772 by Sieur (old French for "sir" or "Mister") Fréminet, a Frenchman from Paris. Fréminet conceived an autonomous breathing machine equipped with a helmet, two hoses for inhalation and exhalation, a suite and a reservoir, dragged by and behind the diver, although Fréminet later put it on his back. Fréminet called his invention machine hydrostatergatique and used it successfully for more than ten years in the harbours of Le Havre and Brest, as states the explaining text of a 1784 painting. FIRST DIVING DRESS 19TH CENTURY FIRST SUBMARINE Robert Fulton builds a submarine, the Nautilus. On June the 17th, Sieur Touboulic from Brest, mechanic in the Napoleon's Imperial Navy, patents the oldest known oxygen rebreather (but there's no evidence of any prototype having been manufactured). This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen beeing delivered progressively by the diver himself and circulating in a closed circuit through a sponge soaked in lime water. Touboulic called his invention Ichtioandre(greek for 'fish-man'). FIRST REBREATHER William H. James designed a self contained diving suit that had compressed air in an iron container worn around the waist. Charles Anthony Deane and John Deane of Whitstable in Kent in England design the first air-pumped diving helmet for use with a diving suit. The diving system was used in salvage work, including the successful removal of cannon from the British warship HMS Royal George in 1834-35. This 108-gun fighting ship sank in 65 feet of water at Spithead anchorage in 1783. Halley the astronomer, Augus- Following up Leonardo's studies, and those tus Siebe develops standard diving dress, a sort of surface supplied diving apparatus.By attaching the Deane brothers helmet to a suit, Augustus Siebe develops the Siebe "Closed" Dress combination diving helmet and suit, consid- ered the foundation of modern diving dress. This was a significant evolution from previous models of "open" dress that did not allow a diver to invert. Dr. Manuel Théodore Guillaumet invented a twin-hose demand regulator. It was demonstrated used assurface-demand. Use duration was limited to 30 minutes by diving in cold water without a diving suit. FIRST REGULATOR First documented case of decompression sickness occurs, reported by a mining engineer who observed pain and muscle cramps among coal miners working in mine shafts air-pressurized to keep water out. Louis Boutan invents the first underwater camera and makes the first underwater photographs. FIRST UNDERWATER CAMERA 20TH CENTURY The first rebreather with metering valves to control the supply of oxygen is made. 吉 Modern swimfins are invented by the Frenchman Louis de Corlieu, Lieutenant Commander in the French Navy. De Corlieu made a practical demonstration of his first prototype for a group of navy officers. Fernez-Le Prieur self contained underwater breathing apparatus demonstrated to the public in Paris, and adopted by the French Navy. Draeger displayed a rescue breathing apparatus that the wearer could swim with. While the previ- ous devices served only for ascending to the surface and were designed also to develop lift so that the wearer arrived at the surface without swimming move- ments, the diving set had weights, which also made it possible to dive down with it, to search and save after an accident. In San Diego, California, the first sport diving club is started, FIRST DIVE CLUB called the Bottom Scratchers. As far as it is known, it did not use breathing sets; its main goal was spearfishing. Beuchat is established in France, it is the oldest scuba diving and spearfishing company in the world. FIRST DIVE COMPANY BEUCHAT. Inspired by the sea The American Diving Equipment and Salvage Company (now known as DESCO) develops a heavy bottom-walking-type diving suit with a self- contained mixed-gas helium and oxygen rebreather. Georges Commeinhes offers his breathing set to the French Navy, which could not continue developing uses for it because of WWII. After fixing some technical problems Cousteau and Gagnan patent the first modern demand regulator. Various nations use frogmen equipped with rebreathers for some of the best known and most spectacular war actions. Maurice Fargues becomes the first diver to die using an aqualung while attempting a new depth record with Cousteau's Undersea Research Group near Toulon. The movie "The Frogmen" is released. It is set in the Pacific Ocean in WWII. In its last 20 minutes, it shows USA frogmen, using bulky 3-cylindered aqualungs on a combat mission. This equipment use is anachro- nistic (in reality they would have used rebreathers), but it shows that aqualungs were available (even if not widely known of) in the USA in 1951. FROGMEN O WIDMARK ANDREWS GARY MERRILL National Geographic Magazine publishes an article about Cousteau's underwater archaeology at Grand Congloué island near Marseille. This started a massive public demand for aqualungs and diving gear, and in France and America the diving gear makers started making them as fast as they could. But in Britain Siebe Gorman and Heinke kept aqualungs expensive, and restrictions on exporting currency stopped people from importing them. Many British sport divers used home-made constant- flow breathing sets and ex-armed forces or ex-industrial rebreathers. In the early 1950s, diving regulators made by Siebe Gorman cost £15, which was an average week's salary. Georges Beuchat in Marseille, France invent and release the first isothermic wetsuit. FIRST WET SUIT First scuba certification course in the USA is offered by the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Program created by Albert Tillman and Bev Morgan now known as LA County Scuba. FIAST CEATIFICATION Some British scuba divers start making homemade diving demand regulators from industrial parts, including Calor Gas regulators. The film version of James Bond in Thunderball (using both sorts of open-circuit scuba) is released and helps to make scuba diving popular. וקג? י PADI PADI starts. The wreck of RMS Titanic is found. Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747 aircraft, is found and salvaged off Cork, Ireland during the first large scale deep water (6,200 feet) air crash investigation. 2ITH CENTURY Equipped with an ADS 2000 atmospheric suit a US Navy diver establishes a new record on August 1, 2006. He was submerged at 2,000 feet deep (609 meters). NAUI approves the first Standard Dress Sport Diving course. The course is conducted in Australia, bringing antique helmet diving back. What does the future hold have in store for diving? Underwater cities? Augmented reality helmets? New underwater vehicles? Only time will tell. water jet steering front water intake DiveCaddy Ger Visit DiveCaddy.net for more great content. Historic information aquired from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_diving_technology, www.bio-one.org First World Second World War War Industrial Revolution Diving Becomes Public THE FUTURE 2009 2006 1985 1966 1965 1956 1954 1954 1953 1951 1943 1939 1937 1934 1933 1926 1905 1841 1838 1829 1825 8081 0081

A Brief History of Dive Technology

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Find out where are you neat gear got it's start and the obstacles innovators had to overcome to bring diving to the public.

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