What Is Cancer Immunotherapy

What Is CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY? The Need THAT IS ONE PERSON EVERY WILL BE DIAGNOSED 4 SECONDS WITH CANCER IN THEIR LIFETIME EACH YEAR 12.6 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE ARE DIAGNOSED WITH AND NEARLY 7.6 CANCER 2013 2030 CANCER DEATHS WORLDWIDE ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE MILLION OF WHICH THREEFOLD BY 2030 WILL DIE Why Immunotherapy? MEMORY/ PROTECTION INTRINSIC/ UNIVERSAL POWERFUL SPECIFIC Attacks the cancer Trains the immune systemically, through- out the body system to recognize & target only cancer cells Capacity for memory means durability of protection A treatment approach that can be applied to nearly all cancers EXTRAORDINARY SPECIFICITY MEANS fewer side effects Fulure of CANCER THERAPY HEALTHY LOCALIZED SYSTEMIC KILLS CELL MANY SIDE EFFECTS KILLS CANCEROUS DRUG OR RADIATION CELL RADIATION CHEMOTHERAPY HEALTHY CELL EDUCATE FEW t NO SIDE EFFECTS SURGERY IMMUNOTHERAPY PATIENT'S OWN CANCEROUS SELECTIVELY VACCINE IMMUNE SYSTEM KILLS CELL FOUR MODALITIES OF CANCER TREATMENT TIMELINE OF TREATMENT protection CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY Continues to Protect TREATMENT STARTS TREATMENT ENDS Components Of The Immune System THE IMMUNE Army DENDRITIC CELLS CD4+ HELPER T CELLS Primary IMMUNE SYSTEM ORGANS INTELLIGENCE AGENTS COMMANDANTS These cells take in available information These cells provide specialized orders and support to other cells, including B cells and CD8+ killer T cells, and help direct and about threats throughout the body, regroup at headquarters (secondary lymphoid organs), and alert other cells to the danger and give them clues about how to strategize an attack. TONSILS coordinate their responses against enemies. LYMPH NODES B CELLS CD8+ KILLER T CELLS THYMUS MUNITIONS FACTORIES NAVY SEALS/TRAINED ASSASSINS When activated, B cells turn into plasma CD8+ T cells are the ruthless killers of the immune system. Each one can kill thousands of harmful cells, including cancer cells. They can seek out and destroy cells that have dangerous forces inside them, such as viruses and proteins that are being aberrantly expressed in cancer cells. cells-factories that can churn out thousands APPENDIX of highly targeted antibodies every second. CYTOKINES COMMUNICATIONS/CODES ANTIBODIES BONE MARROW These molecules help immune cells talk to each other and coordinate the right attack. AMMUNITION These are the bullets that can seek out and bind to proteins on cancer cells, cutting off vital signaling pathways or marking the cells for attack by other immune cells. REGULATORY I CELLS RULES OF WAR Just like rules of war exist to maintain proper wartime standards and minimize unnecessary harm, requlatory T cells provide the checks the help ensure that immune responses don't get carried away and inflict collateral damage on healthy cells. In Conclusion By mobilizing the immune system's entire army, we can develop new and better treatments that give our immune defenses the upper hand against cancer. The Cancer Research Institute is working to get us there sooner by fostering scientific discovery and accelerating the clinical development of promising immune-based therapies. With the immune system on our side, we are closer than ever to victory in the war on cancer. CANCER RESEARCH INSTITUTE SOURCES: Globocan CANCER VACCINES TRADITIONAL CANCER THERAPIES TARGETED NON-TARGETED