Types of Graphs

TYPES GRAPHS Of Although texts carry ideas among individuals, there is no replacement for the pictorial representations that existed right from the days men lived in caves. In order to standardise the communication, many types of graphs evolved in the man's quest for quick, easy and precise representation of data. Graphs range from simple lines to complex cosmograms that even animate. Line Graphs 12 Inspite of being not so great in the visual appeal, the line graphs are simple ways of interpretations of data. The dips and the shoot ups are the important parts of this graph, which depict the range, high and low points which are crucial in the data analysis. 10 8 Bar Graphs 80 70 This is representation of data in different columns, each column representing an entity. These are best means to compare two different 71 72 71 60 50 50 40 entities that are similar in their 37 30 content. Height of the graph defines the amount of the data. 30 20 10 15 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Pictographs Nothing is as visually appealing as a picture. Pictograms represent huge volumes of data by a simple repeti- tion of the same picture. It does require an explanation at one corner of the chart to let the viewers know what is the value of a single pictures. These serve the purpose of grabbing attention, where in the purpose of transferring the information is not of much importance. Pie Charts This is the best means for the repre- sentation of data in proportions. One can easily figure out the entity that has a lion share by just having a glance at it. But, if the difference between the entities is too big, it is essential to label each entity with a 9% 26% 3% 4% 8% 12% projection in terms of the percent- 19% 13% age. Organizational Charts Cr oicer They relate the work force of organi- zations to give them a structure and simplify the work flows. It is a simple screenshot of various positions in the ladder of a hierarchy to understand the controls. They are quite handy to the planners for any changes to be made in the organization for better productivity. Ma Flow Charts ineed a cpabi ledded to he sa m building Take he meo find and eole al solutons th Pick he mosttpe soluton besed on he actors specited below When nothing seems to work well in the complex things that are just out of the plane of expression, flow- charts pop out the solutions. Off late, flowcharts are the best means to communicate the complex com- (A) Phe dosestpossibie omeone aread built what Deihave choice eatues Ineed Yes Ases he soluton can be used considering the tactors speated below he idea soluton Buld Met ime and resource puter algorithms, without which the communication seems like a clumsy thread. Getsomeoneo Build or me ta go? Use it (Ousource) Bubble Charts These are the best means for the 60 three dimensional representation of the data. Along with the basic axes of a plane graph, the size of the bubble represents the third dimen- sion. The bubble charts are growing in their popularity to analyse the work efficiencies of the employees and is the precise method to 40 30 20 10 compare a set of three entities. Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Cosmographs These were famous in many religious cultures. They were used to depict various complex cosmic elements in action. They find application in fram- ing out an input and out models for organizations or a geographical representations of data. Cosmograms can be understood with animation as the complex flow depictions are easier to understand in motion instead of a static view. Area Graphs O company A company B O company C These graphs are the hybrids of line graphs and stacked bar graphs. They are generally plotted for two or more entities stacked one above the other in different shades or colors. When the contribution of each entity is to be compared with the whole, they are the right solution for a good presentation. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2007 2008 2009 Waterfall Chart To pictorially represent the ever changing quantity of an entity representing the changes that occur at various intervals, these graphs 250.00 200.00 serve the purpose. Bar graphs are plotted in a different way to make a Waterfall chart. If there is a rise, the bar graph shoots up and incase there is a fall, the graph dips. The net result is represented in the last bar. 150.00 100.00 50.00 Inital Deposit Withdrawal Balance Stacked column chart Also referred to as stacked bar graph, they represent data in bars piled one Stacked column chart John Jane Joe 13316724c3 12.4564540 125 above the other for various entities. 10.9e22100000o001 9.44774T Each stack is for different variant of 423 1.0104342 the same entity. The height of the graph represents the quantity of the entity also representing the various 5.3 342 2.75 123 223 2.33 variants involved in different shades 524 423 or colors. Oranges Filled line graph 3.5 These are the line graphs with filled colors. One or more entities are 3.0 represented in different layers with a different colored border. Generally the entities with greater y-axis are created first so that every single entity is clearly visible. 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Natural cubic splines These are just like the line graphs with a little difference. They are smooth curves instead of straight lines joining various points of the plot. The only difference between a line graph and a cubic spline is that although they pass through all the points plotted on the graph, the line graph is formed by straight lines between the successive points while the latter is formed by a smooth (Control points shown in red) 20 15 10 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 curve instead. 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