Steel The Backbone of the World Industry:An Infographic

STEEL: THE BACKBONE ВАСKBONE OF WORLD INDUSTRY Since the beginning of the industrial age steel has been seen an essential raw material, According to the World Steel Association. the global steel industry directly employs more than two million people. with an additional two million contractors and four million people in supporting industries. STEEL & HOW IT IS MADE What is it? Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon containing less than 2% carbon and 1% manganese and small amounts of silicon. phosphorus. sulphur and oxygen. Integrated (blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace). Iron Ore Limestone (Carbonised coal) Coke Scrap Steel Electric arc furnace (EAF). Scrap lincluding recycled) steel Into Furnace Re-Melted Steel GLOBAL CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION SINCE 2005 Metric Tonnes 1600 1547 1536 Mt. Mt. 1500 1432 1400 Mt. 1347 1300 Mt. 1341 Mt. 1236 1200 1249 Mt. Mt. 1100 1147 Mt. 1000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 TOP TEN STEEL PRODUCERS (2012) 750 Metric Tonnes 716 Mt. 700 500 300 107 Mt. 89 Mt. 78 Mt. 70 Mt. 69 Mt. 100 43 Mt. 36 Mt. 34 Mt. 33 Mt. China Japan USA India Russia South Germany Turkey Brazil Ukraine Korea TOP USERS OF STEEL 2012 750 Million Tonnes 646 Mt. 700 500 300 97 Mt. 72 Mt. 64 Mt. 100 54 Mt. 42 Mt. 38 Mt. 28 Mt. 25 Mt. 22 Mt. China USA India Japan South Korea Russia Germany Turkey Brazil Italy TOP IO TALLEST STEEL SKYSCRAPERS (2010) 450 Mt. 442M HEIGHT (METRES) 400 Mt. 381M 350 Mt. 346M 346M 344M 331M 330M 319M 319M 310M 300 Mt. 250 Mt. 200 Mt. 150 Mt. 100 Mt 50 Mt. Willis Tower Empire State Building New York, USA Aon Centre The Centre Minsheng China World The Chrysler The New York The US Bank Tower Los Angeles, USA The John Trade Centre III Building Times Tower New York, USA Chicago, USA Chicago, USA Hong Kong Hancock Bank Building Beijing, China New York, Centre Chicago, Wuhan, China USA USA STEEL FACTS Steel is not a single product. There are more than 3500 different grades of steel with many different physical. chemical, and environmental properties. Approximately 25% of an average computer is made of steel The hardness of steel combined with its flexibility and malleable strength make steel for more useful than iron and it resists shock and tension better than the more brittle cast iron. Steel surfaces are hygienic and easy to clean. Surgical and safety equipment and commercial kitchens are all made with steel. India. Brazil, South Korea and Turkey have all entered the top ten steel producers list in the past 40 years. Modern cars are built with new steels that are stronger but up to 25% lighter than in the past. Approximately 75% of modern steels have been developed in the past 20 years. If the Eiffel Tower were to be rebuilt today, the engineers would only need one-third of the steel that was originally used. STEEL IS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY to STEEL IS THE MAIN MATERIAL USED IN DELIVERING RENEWABLE ENERGY- SOLAR, TIDAL AND WIND. ALL STEEL CREATED AS LONG AGO AS 150 YEARS CAN BE RECYCLED AND USED IN NEW PRODUCTS AND APPLICATIONS. THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO PRODUCE A TONNE OF STEEL HAS BEEN REDUCED BY 50% IN THE PAST 30 ΥEARS. 97% OF STEEL BY-PRODUCTS CAN BE REUSED. ALMOST 200 BILLION FOOD CANS ARE PRODUCED ANNUALLY. THIS MEANS REFRIGERATION IS NOT NEEDED THUS SAVING ENERGY. THESE CANS ARE ALSO RECYCLABLE. FORECASTED STEEL USE 1100 2012 Metric Tonnes 1000 957984 928 2013 900 2014 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 140139144 100 35 37 38 47 50 52 49 49 52 27 29 31 European Union Central & South America Other Africa Asia & Oceania Middle East Europe Reference: http://www.industryweek.com/trade/global-steel-consumption-forecast-3-2013 http://www.worldcoal.org/resources/coal-statistics/coal-steel-statistics/ http://www.mesteel.com/cgi-bin/w3-msql/goto.htm?url=http://www.mesteel.com/ info/international_steel_statistics.htm http://in.reuters.com/article/2010/09/29/idINIndia-51820720100929 http://www.worldsteel.org/media-centre/key-facts.html http://www.anselm.edu/homepage/dbanach/h-carnegie-steel.htm http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/62550fcc-4ba1-11e2-887b-00144feab49a.html#axzz2fQGWmLAh http://true-progress.com/world-metal-consumption-and-the-path-to-space-mining-80.htm http://www.worldsteel.org/faq/about-steel.html http://www.wva-usa.com/history/mthope/coke.php http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-9180-top-10- worlds-tallest-steel-buildings/1/print/ RACK KING www.rackkingltd.com