Overcoming the Cycle of Addiction

OVERCOMING the Cycle of Addiction THE ADDICTION EPIDEMIC In 2013 an estimated 21.6 million persons aged 12 or older were classified with substance dependence or abuse in the past year. 4.3 million with dependence or abuse of only illicit drugs 14.7 million with dependence or abuse of only alcohol 2.6 million with dependence or abuse of both alcohol and illicit drugs THE ADDICTION CYCLE EXPOSURE Although anyone can become addicted to drugs, there are several factors that can increase the risk of substance addiction: ENVIRONMENT: BIOLOGY: Scientists estimate that genetic factors account for between 40 and 60 percent of a person's vulnerability to addiction. 46% of children (34.4 million) live in a household where there is some form of substance abuse. DEVELOPMENT: 9 out of 10 people who meet the clinical criteria for substance use disorders started using before they turned 18. 1 in 4 Americans who began using any addictive substance before age 18 are now addicted, compared to 1 in 25 Americans who started using at age 21 or older. QQQQQQQQQQ0 QQQ0 МНОИ used marijuana |have not used marijuana PSYCHOLOGICAL: High school students who report having used marijuana are more likely than students who never used marijuana to experience symptoms of depression. Feel alone or isolated 19.9% 26.7% Often feel very sad or depressed 14% 27.9% Think they will develop depression during their lifetime 25.4% 41% MISUSE FIRST TIME DRUG USE: EXPERIMENTATION: Most people use drugs for the first time when they are teenagers. There were over 2.8 million initiates of illicit drugs in 2012, or about 7,898 new users per day. Half (52%) were under 18. 70.3% used marijuana 20.6% used psychotherapeutics 6.3% used inhalants 2.6% used hallucinogens Motives of nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors: The average age of marijuana initiates among high school students in 2011 was 14.3 years old. 56.4% to relax or relieve tension Marijuana users who began before age 15 Marijuana users who began after age 21 53.5%) to feel good or get high Likelihood to have smoked a cigarette 86,4% 52.4% to experiment-see what it's like 93.3% Likelihood to have misused prescription drugs 44.8% to relieve physical pain 22.9% 56.5% 29.5%) to have a good time with friends Likelihood to have misused other illicit drugs 27.8% 70.2% "GATEWAY" DRUGS CAN LEAD TO ADDICTION: The vast majority of cocaine users (99.9%) began by first using a "gateway drug" like marijuana, cigarettes or alcohol. Of adults who previously used marijuana before the age of 15, 62 percent went on to use cocaine at least once, 9 percent on to heroin, and 54 percent on to the nonmedical use of prescription drugs. ABUSE BRAIN REWARD (DOPAMINE) PATHWAYS These braincircuits are important for natural rewards such as food, music, and sex. Dopamine Transporter Dopamine- Cocaine From Food From Cocaine Dopamine Receptor DRUGS OF ABUSE INCREASE DOPAMINE Typically, dopamine increases in response to natural rewards such as food. When cocaine is taken, dopamine increases are exaggerated, and communication is altered. The DEA classifies drugs of abuse into five distinct categories, or schedules, rated by the severity of the drug and the high potential it poses for addiction: SCHEDULE I substances have the highest potential for abuse or dependence: Heroin, Marijuana, Ectsasy, LSD, and Methaqualone are some examples. SCHEDULE II drugs are defined as drugs with high potential for abuse or dependence, but less than Schedule I. They are also considered dangerous: Cocaine, Vicodin, OxyContin, Adderall, and Ritalin are some common examples. SCHEDULE III drugs have a moderate potential for abuse: Steroids and ketamine are a couple examples. SCHEDULE IV Xanax, Calium, Ambien. SCHEDULE V Cough medicine, Lyrica, Lomotil. DRUG DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE BY NUMBER OF PERSONS IN 2013: Marijuana (4.2 million) Pain relievers (1.9 million) Cocaine (855,000) CONSEQUENCES Youths aged 12 to 17 who had engaged in fighting or other delinquent behaviors were found more likely than other youths to have used illicit drugs in the past month. In 2014, 70% of State and 64% of Federal prisoners regularly used drugs prior to incarceration. 1 in 4 violent offenders in State prisons committed their offenses while intoxicated. 123 ALCOHOL IS DOES ALCOHOL AFFECT SCHOOL GRADES? A FACTOR IN 40% of academic 17 T77 777 TTTT problems and B© DF 28% of college dropouts NUMBER OF DRINKS CONSUMED PER WEEK SORTED BY SCHOOL LETTER GRADE ATTEMPTING SOBRIETY Many drug addicts make frequent attempts at abstinence and living sober, but the majority of these efforts are initiated independently. Instead, it is crucial that users get professional treatment to help permanently overcome the disease of addiction. ADDICTS ARE NOT GETTING THE HELP THEY NEED In 2012, approximately 21.6 million persons aged 12 or older needed treatment for an illicit drug or alcohol use problem. Just 2.3 million (10.8%) of those who needed treatment received treatment at a specialty facility. RELAPSE Because addicts are often attempting sobriety on their own and not getting the professional help they need, relapse rates are high. PERCENTAGE OF PATIENTS WHO RELAPSE: Type 1 Diabetes 20 to 50% Drug Addiction 40 to 60% Hypertension 50 to 70% Asthma 50 to 70% For the best chance of recovery, addiction should be treated as a chronic disease, with ongoing and active management and treatment plans enacted. OVERCOMING THE ADDICTION CYCLE WITH PROFESSIONAL DRUG TREATMENT Inpatient residential treatment programs have completion rates of up to 81%. Nearly one-third of patients achieve abstinence from their first attempt at recovery. The National Institute on Drug Abuse has long recommended a minimum of 90 days in a recovery program. CHANCES OF SUCCESSFUL ABSTINENCE OVER TIME: Has most likely conquered their addiction. 36% (66% 86% 1-12 Months|| 1-3 Years 3-5 Years | 5+ Years Addiction is a Treatable Disease For more information on how to overcome addiction please call Turning Point at 877-581-1793 or send an email to [email protected] TURNING POINT Sources hitp:/www.samhsa govidatalatesdetaultlesNSDUHresultsPOFWHTML2013WebNSDUHresults2013 pdt http:/www.drugabuse govipublicationidrugs-brans behaviorscienceaddictionidrug-abune-addiction http//www.casicolumbia.crgnewroom/press-releasesnat a-study-raveals-len-utstanceuseamericas-1publicihealth problem htpwww.casacolümbia orglaiendetaulfielles2011 anual report pd researchireportsadoloscent substance-use hito www.drugabuse govpublicalionsdrugfactainalionwidetrends PMC2975027pdlinihms 164105 pa malon-the-road-to-drugabuses htm rijuanaintermatona-aitulica html hitp//www.casacolumbia.org/addict htp/www.nchi nim nin govipmcla http www.drugfrerworld.orgidrug hittpwww.drugtireeword.org/dr http://www.drugabuse povipublicatonsic hitp://www P-brains-behavionscience-addiction/orug-brain vinfolds shtmi http://www.samhsa govidatalsitesidefaulufles/NSDUHesultsPDFWHTML2013/Web/NS hittp:/www.drigabuse govrelated-opicaiminajusticeidrugaddiction-mamentin-cminal ustice-sylem hittp:/www.ncbntm.niigovipmclarticlesPAC2741558 htps://satenupportivaleaming ed gowsitenidafautlilesheciproductfint year pot hittps:/oresanihsa govishinicontenPEP13-RTC-BHWORKPEP13 RTC-BHWORK pd hittp lipubs.niaan.nih.govipublications/a49 htm http://www.nchinim nih govbooksNBK64815 http:/www.ncbi.nin nh govipmclaticesPMO2785002 http:/aspe hh govhsphubabuse9ichapz.htm http:/www.drugatuse govipublicalionsadictionciencere apse-rites drig-addiction-e-similarte-those-cither-wel-maracterized-onic-i https/www.ncrs goviondepoubispublitationstrealtmtorot html http://www.dnupabuse.goulpublicatonsiprinciples drug-addicti http:/www.asam orpldocs hittp:www.drugabuse gov/bublicatiorsaddiction freatment-research-based guide-mird-editonprnaplen-ntiectve-treatment 25 -opiatedocument odrstvrsn2 pselentended-abstinence-prodictiveHsulitained-recovery