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How Does the Brain Retain Information?

HOW DOES THE BRAIN retain information? The manner by which humans retain and retrieve information is an area widely explored and as of yet not completely understood. The human brain consists of about one billion neurons. Each neuron forms about 1,000 connections to other neurons, amounting to more than a trillion connections. This amounts to quite a large storage capacity. Here we examine how the brain retains all this information. WHERE INFORMATION IS STORED The structures and places that process stimuli and retain information. Sub-Cortical Structures fig la. Hippocampus Part of the limbic system and contains cognitive maps. Encodes complex memories. fig 2c. fig 2a. fig lb. Cerebellum Known as the 'little brain. Stores procedural learning and motor learning. fig 1d. fig lc. Amygdala fig lc. Associated with emotional learning and fear based тетory. fig 2d. fig la. fig 2b. Basal Ganglia fig 1d. Group of nuclei that deals with cognition, learning. motor controls and implicit тетory. fig 1b. Cortical Structures fig 2a. Frontal Lobe Important part of the brain for working memory. fig 2b. Temporal Lobe Responsible for autobiographical memory and recognition memory. fig 2c. Parietal Lobe Helps mediate attention, integrates sensory information, and short-term memory. fig 2d. Occipital Lobe Main function is that of vision and recognizing objects in space. HOW INFORMATION IS STORED The full methods and modes of information retention are still not completely understood. Here is a model of memory retention according to the Baddeley model. STM Short Term Memory Affective System fig 1. biformation is gathered from an external stimuli via nerve receptors. Motor System Affective System: experiences feeling or етotion. BRAIN fig 2. Electric impulses jump Working Memory fig 3. The information is carried via nerve cells in between cell gaps causing the form of electrical impulses. Motor System: motor impulses and тovemеnt. neurotransmitters to be released. fig 6. When the electrical impulse reaches the brain the information is sorted and stored Working Memory: complex tasks, reasoning. comprehension and learning. Central Executive fig 4. Neurotransmitters are released allowing brais cels to temporarily conmect to each other. Phonological Loop Visualspatial Sketchpad Deals with sound and phonological information such as language Visual cache which stores information about form and color Episodic Buffer fig S. Connections between brain cells are not concrete and tend to change frequently. 100 TRILLION Typical number of synapses in an adult brain. Links information across LTM Long Term Memory domains visual spatial and verbal Explicit Memory: memories that are consciously available. Explicit Memory Implicit Memory Implicit Memory: deals with the use of objects or movement. Episodic Emotional Conditioning Semantic Procedural Knowledge about the external world: words, ideas and concepts Links perceptual information to an eimotional response. Memory for specific events Memory that references bow things are done. in time. mindflash.com Sources: Baddeley, A.D"Working Memory", McGill University "Collective Memory", Don H. Hockenbury "Psychology", Helium.com, USC News, USA Today.com, Scientific America, IHMC.com

How Does the Brain Retain Information?

shared by judithgold on Jan 24
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The brain is a complex network made of billions of neurons and neuron connectors. This infographic takes a look at the complex mind and it's different parts to show where and how we store information.

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