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The life and times of Nelson Mandela

The life and times of NELSON MANDELA Born Rolihlahla Mandela in the small village of Mvezo, Transkei, South Africa on 18th July 1918. His parents were Nonqaphi Nosekeni and Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Mandela, a principal counsellor to the Acting King of the Thembu Tribe, Jongintaba Dalindyebo. 1918 Mandela was given the name Nelson by his teacher, Miss Mdingane, on his first day of school, as was the custom in British colonial- influenced educational establishments. Following his father's death from lung disease, the 9-year-old Mandela was adopted by the acting regent of the Thembu people, Chief Jongintaba Dalindyebo. Mandela was uprooted and moved to Mqhekezweni, the provincial capital of Thembuland, where he lived in the regent's palace. Mandela's interactions with visiting elder chiefs here were what first piqued his interest in African history. 1927 This was done as a favour to Mandela's late father, who had recommended Dalindyebo be named Chief a number of years earlier. At the age of 16, in keeping with African tradition, Nelson Mandela was circumcised as part of a ritualistic ceremony, which served as a point of transition for a boy into adulthood. The subject of the speech made by the main speaker at the ceremony, Chief Meligqili, was the plight of the enslaved African people. Mandela has since stated that the speech left an indelible mark on his psyche and strengthened his resolve to see a truly independent South Africa. 1934 Mandela's clan name is Madiba. A dlan name is significant in African culture as it indicates one's lineage. University of Fort Hare Together in Excellence Nelson Mandela enrolled at the University College of Fort Hare, one of the most prestigious universities in Sub- Saharan Africa. However, he didn't complete his BA degree, as he was expelled for offering his unwelcome resignation from the Student Representative Council. 1939 Mandela later completed his BA degree through the University of South Africa, returning to Fort Hare for his graduation in 1943. Mandela's first job was as a security guard at a mine. Mandela has received honorary degrees from over 50 universities worldwide. NTU SOC. This was the year Mandela became actively involved in the anti-apartheid movement for the first time, joining the African National Congress (ANC). 1942 Disillusioned with the ANC's ineffective lobbying methods, Mandela and a small group of other young Africans formed the African National Congress Youth League, with the ambition to create an effective mass TANC grassroots movement, which united the disenfranchised rural peasants and In 1952, Mandela was appointed as National Volunteer-in-Chief of the Defiance Campaign, a civil disobedience drive that fought against six unjust laws and marked the start of the 1952 low-income workers of South Africa. collaboration between the ANC and the South African Indian Congress. Mandela and 19 of his cohorts were charged under the Suppression of Communism Act and sentenced to 9 months hard labour, suspended for two years. In August 1952, Mandela and Oliver Tambo established South Africa's first black law firm, Mandela and Tambo, which provided free and low-cost legal advice and counsel to disenfranchised black South Africans. Mandela was a boxing and track star at Clarkebury Boarding Institute and Wesleyan College. NO FAD This year, Mandela and 150 other activists were arrested and charged with high treason for their political advocacy work. The charges were later dropped in 1961. 1956 AND STAND NE SANCRS MAKDEL FOR After being acquitted of treason, Mandela increasingly came to believe that violent protest was the only means of achieving any discernible political change in South Africa. FREEDOM 1961 Mandela co-founded Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), a more radical, armed offshoot of the ANC, which intended to use sabotage and guerrilla tactics to bring an end to apartheid. Later in the year, Mandela orchestrated a three-day workers' strike, which brought South Africa to a standstill. For his part in the organisation of the worker's strike, Mandela was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years in prison. 1962 In a lengthy court proceeding, Mandela and 9 others were tried for sabotage, with Mandela potentially facing the death sentence if 1963 convicted. I ACCUSE ! Mandela was dubbed The Black Pimpernel due to his ability to evade police. Mandela made his famous and impassioned Speech from the Dock, which has become one of the most Although he escaped the death penalty, Mandela was sentenced to life 1964 imprisonment for political offences, admired and legendary anti-apartheid including sabotage. He spent 18 of the 27 years he'd been sentenced to on Robben Island. statements of all time. "Already the RESS RIVONIA ME While in prison, Mandela completed his Bachelor of Law degree, through the FLOWN IN SECRET University of London correspondence TO ROBBEN ISLAND programme. EXPRESS REPORTER Eseven an Wite eccused wte were sestenced te fe imarisamest al were seeretly flew to Cape Tewe yes- UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMMES FENCE (CONSIDERING PEAL) IS SHOCKED South African President P.W. Botha made his first offer of release to Nelson Mandela in 1985 Nelson Mandela was the last ever recipient of the Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviet Union. 1985, in return for Mandela publicly renouncing the use of violence as a means of anti-apartheid protest. Mandela flatly refused. Although negotiations between Mandela and the South African Government Simultaneously, the government lifted the ban on the ANC, removed all restrictions on political groups and suspended the executions of a number of political activists. 1990 continued throughout the late 1980s, it wasn't until 11th February 1990 that he was finally released from prison. Mandela has been married 3 times, fathering 6 children. He currently has 20 grandchildren. Nelson Mandela and South African 1993 President Frederik Willem de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their roles in dismantling apartheid. After 4 years of negotiations between Mandela, then President of the African After the success of the elections, Nelson Mandela, then 77, was inaugurated and became the first black president of South Africa on 10th May 1994. 1994 National Congress and the Government, South Africa held its first democratic elections on 27th April 1994. VANDELA Robben Island, where Mandela spent 18 of his 27 years of incarceration, became affectionately known as 'Mandela University' owing to his free legal advice to inmates and prison staff alike. Mandela legally established a strong central government in South Africa based on majority rule which guaranteed the rights of minorities, as well as the freedom of expression. 1996 In his one term as President, Mandela tirelessly campaigned for black majority rule of the country, using sport as a tool to unite the once divided nation. The country's hosting of the 1995 Rugby World Cup helped bring the minority white and majority black population of South Africa closer together. Mandela stepped down from office in June 1999, switching his focus to working with the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund, as well as establishing the Nelson Mandela Foundation 1999 and the Mandela-Rhodes Foundation. BENEFITING THE Nelson Mandela CHILDREN'S FUND Mandela was the first living person to be made an honorary Canadian citizen. 2001 At the age of 85, Mandela formally announced his retirement from public life, returning to his native village of Qunu. 2004 2007 Having retired from public life, Mandela made an exception on 18th July 2007 when he convened with a number of world leaders, including Graca Machel, Desmond Tutu, Kofi Annan, Ela Bhatt, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Jimmy Carter, Li Zhaoxing, Mary Robinson and Muhammad Yunus, to form The Elders - a group dedicated to addressing the toughest international issues. Nelson Mandela spent his 95th birthday, 18th July, in hospital in Pretoria as events took place around the world and in South Africa in his honour. He was critically ill with a recurring lung infection. 2013 South Africans were urged to mark Mr Mandela's 67 years of public service with 67 minutes of charitable acts. Mandela passed away on 5th December 2013 at the age of 95. "It always seems impossible until it's done." RIP Nelson Mandela Mandela will be remembered as a hero and fighter of the past century, for democracy, equality and freedom leaving an enduring legacy of peace, dignity and immense forgiveness. He attained a status that was above politics and continues to inspire as a symbol of hope for millions across the world. President Obama said Mandela 'bent the moral arch of the universe towards justice'. The true impact of his existence on earth will live on for eternity. Brought to you by AD RANK www.ad-rank.com

The life and times of Nelson Mandela

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I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with e...

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