How Electric Vehicles could cut emissions in Australia

EV: HOW THEIR USE COULD CUT CO, EMISSIONS IN AUSTRALIA LECTRIC ЕHICLE 90,000 80,000 AUSTRALIA'S EMISSIONS 70,000 60,000 HAVE INCREASED $50% 20, 50,000 BY NEARLY Garnaut report: A REVIEW COMMISSIONED BY 40,000 THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT TO PREDICT THE NECESSARY ACTIONS REQUIRED TO BUILD A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE IN THE LAST 30,000 IN AUSTRALIA YEARS. 20,000 10,000 WELL ABOVE THE 'GARNAUT LINE"', WHICH DEMANDS EMISSIONS BE SCALED TO 5% OF CURRENT LEVELS BY 2050 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 YEAR ON AVERAGE TRANSPORT EMISSIONS COME FROM PER STATE OR TERRITORY 14% TRANSPORŤ TOTAL EMISSIONS PER STATE OR TERRITORY OF CO, EMISSIONS * IN AUSTRALIA EVEN IF VEHICLES BECOME TWICE AS EFFICIENT 2030 BY AVERAGE EMISSIONS WILL BE WELL ABOVE GARNAUT TRAJECTORY THE 77 THE FCAT M.A.P. TAYLOR, PROFESSOR FEDERAL CHAMBER OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES SAY NEW PRODUCTION CAR EMISSIONS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA SHOULD BE BELOW 222 GRAMS PER KILOMETRE BUT WHAT EFFICIENCY SAVINGS CAN BE MADE FCAI 2010 TARGET = 222 GRAMS PER KM 240 %3D HYPOTHETICAL EFFICIENCY SAVINGS 220 HOMOGENOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION MINIMUM HYPOTHESISED 200 SMALLER ENGINE WITH TURBO- OR SUPER-CHARGING FOSSIL FUEL 180 DIRECT INJECTION AND LEAN BURN VEHICLE EMISSIONS RATE 160 VEHICLE MASS REDUCTION 140 CYLINDER DEACTIVATION 120 ENGINE STOP/START WITH REGENERATIVE BRAKING CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION 100 VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION DUAL CLUTCH 80 TRANSMISSION REDUCED MECHANICAL FRICTION COMPONENTS 60 40 AVERAGE EMISSIONS RATEOF A WIND+SOLAR HYBRID PLUG-IN E.V. 20 THE MOST COMMON FEAR AMONG CONSUMERS IS THAT ELECTRIC CARS WON'T GO THE DISTANCE 1/2 1/1 IT'S CALLED RANGE ANXIETY THE RANGE ANXIETY WILL LIMIT THE ABILITY OF THE ALL-ELECTRIC CAR TO BE USED IN CERTAIN SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS EVEN IF THE BATTERY COSTS COME 77 DOWN BILL REINERT, NATIONAL MANAGER OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AT TOYOTA'S US ARM A SURVEY OF DRIVERS IN ADELAIDE FOUND THAT THE AVERAGE DAILY VEHICULAR JOURNEY DISTANCE WAS IN 97-99% OF CASES LESS THAN 100KM. TO THE RIGHT IS A SCALE MAP OF ADELAIDE. EACH CONCENTRIC CIRCLE INDICATES THE PERCENTAGE OF DRIVERS WHOSE DAILY JOURNEY IS WITHIN THE CIRCLE'S BOUNDS. THE DEGREE OF SHADING FOR PERCENTAGES ADELAIDE IS SHOWN ON THE KEY BELOW. KILOMETRES 60% OF JOURNEYS 10 80% OF JOURNEYS 85% OF JOURNEYS 30 THE AVERAGE RANGE OF A MODERN E.V. IS ~100KM. FAMILY E.V.s 160 M. 97% OF JOURNEYS SOME MANUFACTURERS ARE DEVELOPING 100 WITH A RANGE OF OVER 100 KM SOURCES M.A.P. TAYLOR ET AL. "PLANNING FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN AUSTRALIA – CAN WE MATCH ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS, TECHNOLOGY AND TRAVEL DEMAND?" DCCEE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL GREENHOUSE ACCOUNTS BY ECONOMIC SECTOR, 2009-10 DCCEE AEGIS STATISTICS A R. GARNAUT human. "TARGETS AND TRAJECTORIES, GARNAUT CLIMATE CHANGE REVIEW" INFOGRAPHIC EMISSIONS/MEGA-TONNES CAR EMISSIONS/GRAMS PER KILOMETRE 20 EV: HOW THEIR USE COULD CUT CO, EMISSIONS IN AUSTRALIA LECTRIC ЕHICLE 90,000 80,000 AUSTRALIA'S EMISSIONS 70,000 60,000 HAVE INCREASED $50% 20, 50,000 BY NEARLY Garnaut report: A REVIEW COMMISSIONED BY 40,000 THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT TO PREDICT THE NECESSARY ACTIONS REQUIRED TO BUILD A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE IN THE LAST 30,000 IN AUSTRALIA YEARS. 20,000 10,000 WELL ABOVE THE 'GARNAUT LINE"', WHICH DEMANDS EMISSIONS BE SCALED TO 5% OF CURRENT LEVELS BY 2050 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 YEAR ON AVERAGE TRANSPORT EMISSIONS COME FROM PER STATE OR TERRITORY 14% TRANSPORŤ TOTAL EMISSIONS PER STATE OR TERRITORY OF CO, EMISSIONS * IN AUSTRALIA EVEN IF VEHICLES BECOME TWICE AS EFFICIENT 2030 BY AVERAGE EMISSIONS WILL BE WELL ABOVE GARNAUT TRAJECTORY THE 77 THE FCAT M.A.P. TAYLOR, PROFESSOR FEDERAL CHAMBER OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES SAY NEW PRODUCTION CAR EMISSIONS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA SHOULD BE BELOW 222 GRAMS PER KILOMETRE BUT WHAT EFFICIENCY SAVINGS CAN BE MADE FCAI 2010 TARGET = 222 GRAMS PER KM 240 %3D HYPOTHETICAL EFFICIENCY SAVINGS 220 HOMOGENOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION MINIMUM HYPOTHESISED 200 SMALLER ENGINE WITH TURBO- OR SUPER-CHARGING FOSSIL FUEL 180 DIRECT INJECTION AND LEAN BURN VEHICLE EMISSIONS RATE 160 VEHICLE MASS REDUCTION 140 CYLINDER DEACTIVATION 120 ENGINE STOP/START WITH REGENERATIVE BRAKING CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION 100 VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION DUAL CLUTCH 80 TRANSMISSION REDUCED MECHANICAL FRICTION COMPONENTS 60 40 AVERAGE EMISSIONS RATEOF A WIND+SOLAR HYBRID PLUG-IN E.V. 20 THE MOST COMMON FEAR AMONG CONSUMERS IS THAT ELECTRIC CARS WON'T GO THE DISTANCE 1/2 1/1 IT'S CALLED RANGE ANXIETY THE RANGE ANXIETY WILL LIMIT THE ABILITY OF THE ALL-ELECTRIC CAR TO BE USED IN CERTAIN SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS EVEN IF THE BATTERY COSTS COME 77 DOWN BILL REINERT, NATIONAL MANAGER OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AT TOYOTA'S US ARM A SURVEY OF DRIVERS IN ADELAIDE FOUND THAT THE AVERAGE DAILY VEHICULAR JOURNEY DISTANCE WAS IN 97-99% OF CASES LESS THAN 100KM. TO THE RIGHT IS A SCALE MAP OF ADELAIDE. EACH CONCENTRIC CIRCLE INDICATES THE PERCENTAGE OF DRIVERS WHOSE DAILY JOURNEY IS WITHIN THE CIRCLE'S BOUNDS. THE DEGREE OF SHADING FOR PERCENTAGES ADELAIDE IS SHOWN ON THE KEY BELOW. KILOMETRES 60% OF JOURNEYS 10 80% OF JOURNEYS 85% OF JOURNEYS 30 THE AVERAGE RANGE OF A MODERN E.V. IS ~100KM. FAMILY E.V.s 160 M. 97% OF JOURNEYS SOME MANUFACTURERS ARE DEVELOPING 100 WITH A RANGE OF OVER 100 KM SOURCES M.A.P. TAYLOR ET AL. "PLANNING FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN AUSTRALIA – CAN WE MATCH ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS, TECHNOLOGY AND TRAVEL DEMAND?" DCCEE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL GREENHOUSE ACCOUNTS BY ECONOMIC SECTOR, 2009-10 DCCEE AEGIS STATISTICS A R. GARNAUT human. "TARGETS AND TRAJECTORIES, GARNAUT CLIMATE CHANGE REVIEW" INFOGRAPHIC EMISSIONS/MEGA-TONNES CAR EMISSIONS/GRAMS PER KILOMETRE 20