Hepatitis

THE ABC OF VIRAL HEPATITIS Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver due to a viral infection. There are 5 hepatitis viruses but the most common types are A, B and C. TRANSMISSION INCIDENCE TREATMENT 1.4 MIO CASES/YR WORLDWIDE Improved sanitation and the hepatitis A Hepatitis A: Diagnosis by detection of HAV-specific antibodies in the blood. Additional tests include Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the hepatitis A virus RNA. vaccine are the most HAV effective ways to Unlike hepatitis B and C, hepatitis A infection does not cause chronic liver disease and combat the disease. is rarely fatal. HepA vaccines available Hepatitis B: Laboratory diagnosis focuses on the detection of the hepatitis B surface antigen HBSA9. In acute infection only, IgM anti-HBc is positive. 240 MIO CHRONICALLY INFECTED > 780000 DEATHS / YEAR B в нву Chronically infected patients can develop liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. It is not possible, based onsymptoms, to differentiate among the different viral hepatitis types: Laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis is essential. HBV Chronically infected patients can develop liver cancer and cirrhosis or liver There is currently no vaccine. cancer. 3-4 MIO NEW INFECTIONS/ YEAR 130-150 MIO CHRONICAL LY INFECTED; 350-500000 DEATHS / YEAR Hepatitis C: Screening for anti-HCV antibodies with a serology test identifies people who have been infected. If the serology test is positive, a Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) for HCV RNA can confirm chronic HCV infection. There is currently no vaccine. с нсу Chronically infected patients can develop liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Antiviral treatment is HCV successful in 50-90% of persons treated; Sources: symptoms feaver, tatigue,loss of appetite, abdominal pain,joint pain,jaundice http://www.who.int/features/qa/76/en/ http://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/ www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4075.pdf Transmitted through ingestion Transmitted through Bloodborne virus; the most common modes of infection are through unsafe injection practices; unsanitary health-care settings; and infected blood transfusions. Birth to an infected mother of contaminated food and contact with infected Sexual contact with an water or through direct contact with an infectious person. blood or other body fluids. infected person