The Evolution of Computers

THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS PC NINJA TRAVELS THROUGH TIME, revealing the history of how computers became our sidekicks. From sliding pebbles on a simple machine to swiping your fingers across a touchscreen, technology has transformed radically! HISTORIC MODERN •...... → 1943–44 The ENIAC, (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator), the first noteworthy modern 1985 1971 2003 Bill Gates and computer, invented by University of Pennsylvania professors John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. A general-purpose digital computer, it could be reprogrammed through a plugboard and switches to solve a full Microsoft release the Windows Electronic devices First e-mails sent operating system, forever changing desktop computing. that could send e-mails, access the web, and receive phone calls became commercial. by Ray Tomlinson on the ARPAnet, the precursor to the Internet, which were able to reach users on different hosts. He used the '@' sign to separate person from machine, which became a standard part 1989 range of computing problems. ENIAC occupied a room 30 by 50 feet in size and weighed 30 tons! The "World Wide Web" invented by Tim Berners-Lee, who develops HyperText Markup Language (HTML) to design webpages. of the e-mail address. 1975 www 1949 The IBM 5100 becomes the first commercially available portable 1990 computer. Chester Carlson patents the term xerography and releases the Xerox machine Release of the 2010 1439 Model A photocopier, which required 39 steps to make one copy! original Microsoft Office 1.0, featuring Word 1.1, Excel 2.0, and Power Point 2.0. 1642 Apple releases the iPad I, a tablet computer Johannes Gutenberg 1962 invents the with a touchscreen that 1952 1976 1995 changes the way users view media. 3 million printing press. Blaise Pascal invents the Pascaline (Pascal's Calculator), a mechanical adding machine. J.C.R. Licklider conceives devices sell in 80 days. The first Apple Amazon Bookstore of an Network of computers, ter-galac The first mass-produced computer made and sold by the IBM Company. computer invented by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. launches, and online shopping becomes popular. later known as the Internet. 1971 1984 2001 2400 BC Q1 X1O Apple unveils the Mac OS X operating system, which provides protected memory IBM introduces the first 1617 floppy disk that is 8 ½ inches wide with a The first working 3D printer created by Chuck Hull of 3D The abacus, the first known calculator, invented in Babylonia. 1946 capacity of 79.7 kB, and was read-only. A read- write version came in QI x|x Systems Corp. The printer uses an additive CMP :1 NNJ: 0 architecture and John Napier creates Napier's Bones, a manually-operated calculating device consisting of a base board with a rim and 1822 pre-emptive multi- tasking, among other Decks of beads and process of laying down successive layers of rods used to calculate 1972, so that data could be edited and shared Mauchly and Eckert receive funding from benefits. Microsoft rolls addition, subtraction, division and multiplication, along with being able to extract square and cube roots. 1952 material in different Charles Babbage conceives designs for the Difference Machine, out Windows XP, which has a significantly redesigned GUI. between computers. shapes to create virtually any three-dimensional solid object from a digital model. the Census Bureau to 2013 build the UNIVAC rods embedded with The first computer multiplication tables, which reduces a steam-powered calculating machine that is considered one of (UNIVersal Automatic Computer), the first commercial computer game, "Tic-Tac-Toe," designed and created by A.S. Douglas. multiplication to addition and division 1983 Microsoft releases for business and the first programmable computers, though the technology was too Windows 8, a completely reimagined operating system that is tailored toward touchscreens, to subtraction. government applications. 1950 The Apple Lisa personal computer released by the Apple Company, at a base price of $9995. It's the first personal advanced to be built in his time. 1999 tablets, and cloud functionality. The SEAC (Standards 1964 Eastern Automatic Computer) demonstrated and produced by the U.S. National Bureau of computer with a GUI that features a drop-down menu with icons, which can be clicked using a little box with button called a "mouse." 1975 The term Wi-Fi becomes Computer systems that use icons, windows, and a mouse designed by Douglas Engelbart, which will take it from a part of computing language and users begin connecting to the Internet without wires. Standards under a team led by Russell Kirsch. As the first fully functional stored-program electronic computer, it could keep programmed Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft. 1995 MICRO SOFT 2007 specialized machine instructions and data in for mathematicians read-write, random-access Microsoft releases to technology more accessible to the memory (RAM). Apple debuts the iPhone, both a phone and handheld computer that runs "apps." Windows 95, which general public. introduces the web browser Internet Explorer. KEY 1977 1981 The Apple II, the first personal computer with color graphics is demonstrated. C:\>_ The "Personal Computer" released by the IBM Company, under the name "Acorn." It uses Microsoft's MS-DOS 1979 PC HISTORY MAC HISTORY INTERNET HISTORY OTHER DEVICES HISTORY operating system, and has an Intel chip, two floppy disks and an optional color monitor. Word processing becomes a reality as MicroPro International releases WordStar. ........ 0O 00 OO