Transcribed
Decoupling trends: CO2 emissions versus GDP in the OECD and BRIICS, 1990-2010
Figure 3.2. Decoupling trends: COz emissions versus GDP in the OECD and BRIICS, 1990-2010 a. OECD b. BRIICS 350 350 CO, emisslons from production . Co, emissions from production ... 300 Real GDP 300 - - Rea GDP Real net national disposable income Gross National Income 250 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 iss4 i998 Z010 1990 1998 2002 2006 2010 1990 Note: CO, data refer to emissions from energy use (fossil fuel combustion). Source: Adapted from OECD (2011e). Towards Green Growth: Monitoring Progress, OECD Green Growth Studies, CECD, Paris, based on OECD, IEA and UNFCCC data. 00-068 xapu
Decoupling trends: CO2 emissions versus GDP in the OECD and BRIICS, 1990-2010
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-------- Carbon-dioxide emissions -----------
Today CO2 emissions account for around 75% of global GHG emissions. While global CO2 emissions
decreased in 2009 – by 1.5% – due to the economic slow...
down, trends varied depending on the country
context: developing countries (non-Annex I, see Section 3.3) emissions continued to grow by 3%, led by
China and India, while emissions from developed countries fell sharply – by 6.5% (IEA, 2011a). Most CO2
emissions come from energy production, with fossil fuel combustion representing two-thirds of global CO2
emissions. Indications of trends for 2010 suggest that energy-related CO2 emissions will rebound to reach
their highest ever level at 30.6 gigatonnes (GtCO2), a 5% increase from the previous record year of 2008.
A slow-down in OECD emissions has been more than compensated for by increased emissions in non-
OECD countries, mainly China – the country with the largest energy-related GHG emissions since 2007
(IEA, 2011a).
In 2009, CO2 emissions originated from fossil fuel combustions were based on coal (43%), followed
by oil (37%) and gas (20%). Today’s rapid economic growth, especially in the BRIICS, is largely
dependent on increased use of carbon-intensive coal-fired power, driven by the existence of large coal
reserves with limited reserves of other energy sources. While emission intensities in economic terms
(defined as the ratio of energy use to GDP) vary greatly around the world, CO2 emissions are growing at a
slower rate than GDP in most OECD and emerging economies (Figure 3.2). In other words, CO2 emissions
are becoming relatively “decoupled” from economic growth.
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