A Clear Look At Diamonds

DIAMONDS COMING TO EARTH'S SURFACE ARE OLD THAT'S 1.0 TO 3.3 BILLION YEARS OLD VISUALCAPITALIST •22%-13 www.visualcapitalist.com A Clear Look At DIAMONDS MICRODIAMONDS CAN BE FOUND AT METEORITE IMPACT CRATERS. OFTEN COMPARED TO THE UNCORKING OF A CHAMPAGNE BOTTLE, KIMBERLITE AND LAMPROITES ARE RARE CARROT SHAPED DEEP-ORIGIN VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS 1 200 IN SOME IMPACT EVENTS CREATE SHOCK ZONES OF HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SUITABLE FOR DIAMOND CREATION. VOLCANIC PIPES CONTAIN GEM-QUALITY DIAMONDS Going Up? MAGMA ITSELF DOES NOT HAVE DIAMONDS, BUT ACTS AS AN ELEVATOR TO BRING UP DIAMONDS COMING FROM DEPTH 140 FORMED AT DEPTHS BETWEEN 140 - 190KM WHERE EXACT CONDITIONS EXIST FOR DIAMOND CREATION PRESSURE TEMPERATURE 190 Diamond DIAMONDS GET COLOUR Type & colour STRUCTURAL ANOMALIES. FROM THEIR IMPURITIES OR ОРПІСAL PROPERTIES TYPE 1 DIAMONDS: TYPE 2 DIAMONDS: 01. BRILLIANT 02. LUSTRE 03. COLOUR 1.8% ARE ENTIRELY DEVOID OF IMPURITIES, BUT 98% OF GEM DIAMONDS HAVE NITROGEN AS A KEY IMPURITY, WHICH CAN MAKE THEM WHITE, LIGHT YELLOW, OR LIGHT BROWN. HAVE STRUCTURAL ANOMALIES THAT CAN GIVE UNIQUE YELLOW, BROWN, ORANGE, PINK, RED, OR PURPLE COLOUR. 0.1% HAVE NITROGEN IMPURITIES, BUT MORE EVERY DIAMOND IS DIFFERENT. EACH CRYSTAL FORMS UNDER UNIQUE CONDITIONS, WHICH MEANS DIFFERENT SIZES, COLOURS, AND DEFECTS. DIFFUSE, MAKING AN INTENSE YELLOW OR BROWN COLOUR. 0.1% HAVE BORON IMPURITIES, THAT MAKE THEM BLUE OR GREY. HARDEST NATURAL SUBSTANCE ON EARTH GREEN DIAMONDS MAY ALSO OCCUR WHEN ANY OF ABOVE ARE EXPOSED TO RADIATION BECAUSE EACH DIAMOND IS UNIQUE, UNLIKE OTHER COMMODITIES, THERE IS ANOTHER MEASUREMENT THAT MUST BE CONSIDERED TO PROVE AN ECONOMIC DEPOSIT: DIAMOND VALUE. GENERALLY ALL DIAMONDS FROM A SIMILAR VOLCANIC PIPE HAVE SIMILAR CHARACTERISTICS EACH DIAMOND HAS A UNIQUE VALUE BASED ON SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS. 03.C FC2 COMPANIES MUST TAKE A BULK SAMPLE OF AT LEAST 2000 CARATS TO GIVE AN "AVERAGE" FOR DIAMOND VALUE. AVERAGE THE 30% 70% COLOURLESS NEAR COLOURLESS DE F G H MARKET FOR DIAMONDS USE VALUED FOR: CLARITY COLOUR CUT CARAT HARDNESS THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY WHITE VERY FAINT YELLOW KLM FAINT YELLOW LIGHT YELLOW THE 4C's NOPQU STUVWXYZ COLOURLESS (WHITE) DIAMONDS ARE GRADED ON THIS SCALE LOCATION, ORIENTATION ,AND VISIBILITY OF DEFECTS CAN GIVEN ALL FACTORS REMAIN THE SAME. 130,000,000 CARATS (26,000KG) OF DIAMONDS MINED/YR RARE AND DESIRABLE COLORS: PURPLE GLOBAL DIAMOND RETAIL SALES MORE COMMON (LESS DESIRABLE) GREEN RED $72B 13-0.2 YALLOW BROWN BLUE ORANGE PINK VALUE $138 (US) ECONOMIC GROWTH & DEMOGRAPHICS CHINA/INDIA TO DRIVE DIAMOND DEMAND THROUGH NEWLY AFFLUENT POPULATION. DEMOGRAPHICS TELL THE STORY: THEIR AGE BRACKETS ARE ENTERING PRIME YEARS FOR LUXURY GOOD PURCHASES. BETWEEN 2005-2020 % CHINESE POPULATION CHANGE % INDIAN POPULATION CHANGE INDIA'S POPULATION AGED 45-54 WILL GROW 70% (180M). 55-64 TO GROW 205% (140M). CHINA'S POPULATION AGED 45-54 WILL GROW 120 100 80 250 200 150 100 50 60 100% (240M). 40 55-64 TO 20 GROW 80% (160M). -20 -50 UNDER 25 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 UNDER 25 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 BY 2020, THERE WILL BE 720 MILLION CONSUMERS BETWÉEN 45 AND 64 IN INDIA AND CHINA. CHINA'S SHARE [ % ] OF WORLD DIAMOND RETAIL MARKET: UP TO 28 TRILLION! RANKED #1 IN WORLD. SUPPLY TO DECLINE AS MINES GO DEEPER AND UNDERGROUND, WITH NO SIGNIFICANT NEW MINES STARTING PRODUCTION. CHINA'S GDP ON A PURCHASING POWER PARITY BASIS 2005 2010 2020 2020FORECAST $46M 2.0-3.00 85 50 40 92% CULLINAN THE LARGEST ROUGH GEM-QUALITY DIAMOND EVER FOUND AT ROUGH CUT INDUSTRIAL 3,106.75 CARATS (621.35G). HIGHEST EVER AUCTION PRICE PAID FOR DIAMOND FOR GRAFF PINK, A RARE 24.78 CARAT PINK DIAMOND BY LAURENCE GRAFF OF DIAMONDS TRADED TODAY ARE CONFLICT DIAMONDS DIVIDED INTO 9 POLISHED STONES. THE LARGEST STONE, CULLINAN I HAS AN ESTIMATED VALUE OF $400M. (FROM UNSTABLE WEST OR CENTRAL AFRICAN COUNTRIES WHERE MINES ARE CONTROLLED BY REBELS) OF THE WORLD'S DIAMONDS ARE TRADED IN ANTWERP, BELGIUM, THE DIAMOND CENTRE OF THE WORLD. OF WORLD'S DIAMONDS ARE CUT AND POLISHED IN INDIA, MOSTLY IN THE CITY OF SURAT VISUAL CAPITAUIST: EDUCATING A NEW GENERATION OF INVESTORS ON RESOURCE INVESTING AND MANAGEMENT. www.visualcapitalist.com @VisualCap VISUALCAPITALIST DAS EARTH! HOW DIAMONDS FORM DIAMOND PROPERTIES Meteorites DIAMOND MINING GEM QUAL O CLARITY NDUSTRIAL HOW PURE IT IS. NUMBER OF DEFECTS, SIZE, COLOUR, IMPACT THE CLARITY OF A DIAMOND. O CUT OFTEN CONFUSED WITH "SHAPE". CUT REFERS TO QUALITY OF WORKMANSHIP AND ANGLES TO REFLECT MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF LIGHT, QUALITY OF CUT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT OF 4 C'S. o CARATS MORE CARATS MEAN AN EXPONENTIAL INCREASE IN VALUE o COLOUR O %06L